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  • دانلود ایبوک اورجینال  The John Zink Combustion Handbook

    دانلود ایبوک اورجینال The John Zink Combustion Handbook

    دانلود کتاب The John Zink Combustion Handbook

    کتاب با کیفیت The John Zink Combustion Handbook در ارشیو گیگاپیپر موجود است. جهت دریافت ان، مکاتبه کنید.

    دانلود کتاب The John Zink Combustion Handbook دانلود ایبوک The John Zink Combustion Handbook 9781420038699 Download Ebook
    دانلود کتاب The John Zink Combustion Handbook دانلود ایبوک The John Zink Combustion Handbook 9781420038699 Download Ebook
    By Charles E. Baukal, Jr.
    Edition 1st Edition
    First Published 27 March 2001
    eBook Published 27 March 2001
    Pub. location Boca Raton
    Imprint CRC Press
    Pages 800 pages

    eBook ISBN 9781420038699

    Subjects= Engineering & Technology

    فهرست مطالب کتاب The John Zink Combustion Handbook

    Introduction
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    The hydrocarbon and petrochemical industries present unique challenges to the combustion engineer, compared to other industrial combustion processes. One of the more important challenges in these industries is the wide variety of fuels, which are usually off-gases from the petroleum refining

    processes that are used in a typical plant (see Figure 1.1). This differs significantly from most other industrial combustion systems that normally fire a single purchased fuel such as natural gas or fuel oil. Another important challenge is that many of the burners commonly used in the hydrocarbon and petrochemical industries are natural draft, where the buoyant combustion exhaust products create a draft that induces the combustion air to enter the burners. This is different from nearly all other industrial combustion processes, which utilize a combustion air blower to supply the air used for combustion in the burner. Natural draft burners are not as easy to control as forced draft burners, and are subject to things like the wind, which can disturb the conditions in a process heater.
    chapter 2 | 36 pages
    Fundamentals
    By Joseph Colannino and Charles E. Baukal, Jr.
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    In the process industries, combustion powers gas turbines, process heaters, reactors, and boilers. The burner combusts fuel and generates products of combustion and heat. A firebox contains the flame envelope. The fire heats water in the tubes to boiling. The steam rises to a steam drum that separates the liquid and vapor phases, returning water to the tubes and passing steam. The steam may be further heated in a superheater. Superheaters raise the temperature of the steam above the boiling point, using either radiant and/or convective heat transfer mechanisms.
    chapter 3 | 47 pages
    Heat Transfer
    By Prem Singh, Michael Henneke, Jaiwant D. Jayakaran, Robert Hayes, and Charles E. Baukal, Jr.
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    Heat transfer is one of the fundamental purposes of combustion in the process industries. The objective of many industrial combustion applications is to transfer energy, in the form of heat, to some type of load for thermal processing of that load.

    chapter 4 | 39 pages

    Fundamentals of Fluid Dynamics
    By Lawrence D. Berg, Wes Bussman, and Michael Henneke
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    The study of fluid dynamics likely dates back to ancient times when early man hunted to keep himself alive. It is easy to imagine that he quickly discovered he could throw a streamlined spear much further than a blunt rock. Perhaps he also noticed that his horse ran a little faster if he ducked his head into the wake of the horse’s neck. Through the course of scientific development, observations such as these, and countless others, have become a rigorous science.
    chapter 5 | 32 pages
    Fuels
    By Terry Dark, John Ackland, and Jeff White

    The term “gaseous fuel” refers to any combustible fuel that exists in the gaseous state under normal temperatures and pressures. Gaseous fuels are typically composed of a wide range of chemical compounds. Low boiling point hydrocarbons (both paraffins and olefins), hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and inert gases (nitrogen and carbon dioxide) are among the many chemical constituents of common gaseous fuels. The purpose of this section is to introduce many of the common fuel gas mixtures used as fuel in the hydrocarbon and petrochemical industries. Commonly occurring waste gas mixtures in flare systems are also described.
    chapter 6 | 34 pages
    Pollutant Emissions
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    The purpose of this chapter is to alert the interested reader to the potential effects on pollutant emissions of the combustion processes in the petrochemical and hydrocarbon industries. There continues to be increasing interest in reducing pollutant emissions of all types from all combustion processes. One prognosticator predicts this will continue well into the future.

    chapter 7 | 28 pages

    Noise
    By Jaiwant D. Jayakaran, Wes Bussman
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    Noise is a common by-product of our mechanized civilization and is an insidious danger in industrial environments. Noise pollution is usually a local problem and thus is not viewed on the same scale of importance as the more notorious industrial emissions like NOx, CO, and particulates. Nonetheless, it is an environmental pollutant that has significant impact.
    chapter 8 | 35 pages
    Mathematical Modeling of Combustion Systems
    By Lawrence D. Berg, Wes Bussman, Jianhui Hong, Michael Henneke, I-Ping Chung, and Joseph D. Smith
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    Over the course of time, the analytical modeling of combustion processes has become increasingly more important. This trend is a result of two simultaneous events: (1) the proliferation of powerful computers and (2) the development of a greater fundamental understanding of the underlying processes. The combination of these events has provided engineers with opportunities to model and understand physical processes in much greater detail than previously possible. This chapter highlights some of the applications developed and utilized at the John Zink Company. Some applications are straightforward extensions of previous techniques, while others are completely novel. The authors’ purpose is to demonstrate how the practicing engineer can combine fundamental knowledge and computational methods to analyze combustion equipment and processes.

    chapter 9 | 40 pages

    Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Based Combustion Modeling
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    This concept has been used by companies and countries to control markets and economies. Changes to the rules are generally caused by significant technological advances. The invention of the telescope, the microscope, and the atom smasher are all examples of such paradigm shifting technological advances. Development of, and increased access to, supercomputers represents a significant advance that has opened new scientific frontiers and again changed the rules.
    chapter 10 | 24 pages
    Combustion Safety
    By Terry Dark and Charles E. Baukal, Jr.
    Hide abstract keyboard_arrow_up

    Fires and explosions are a major concern in hydrocarbon and petrochemical plants as the consequences can be very severe and very public because of the high volume of flammable liquids and gases handled in those plants.

  • دانلود کتاب Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing

    دانلود کتاب Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing

    دانلود ایبوک Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 10th Edition

    برای دانلود نسخه 10 ایبوک Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing با گیگاپپیر مکاتبه کنید. این کتاب در آرشیو به فرمت Epub  و فرمت PDF تبدیل شده موجود است.

    دانلود کتاب Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing by Marilyn J. دانلود ایبوک Essentials of Pediatric Nursing Download Ebook 9780323353168, 0323353169
    دانلود کتاب Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing by Marilyn J. دانلود ایبوک Essentials of Pediatric Nursing Download Ebook 9780323353168, 0323353169

    Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing
    by Marilyn J. Hockenberry & David Wilson & Cheryl C Rodgers

    Publisher: Mosby
    Print ISBN: 9780323353168, 0323353169
    eText ISBN: 9780323429863, 0323429866
    Edition: 10th
    Pages: 1248
    Copyright year: 2017

    توضیحات کتاب Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing

    Description

    Known for its accuracy, evidence-based focus, and engaging writing style, Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing, 10th Edition has been the #1 title in the pediatric nursing market since it first published in 1980! Thoroughly revised to equip you with the latest research and guidelines for treating children today, it encourages a whole-body approach by beginning with child development and health promotion to better understand the later chapters on specific health problems. A new chapter featuring all systems cancers provides comprehensive information in one place. Nursing Care Plans now incorporate additional case studies to personalize interventions and promote critical thinking.
    Key Features

    A developmental approach clearly identifies key tasks, influences, and differences at each stage of a child’s growth to help students provide appropriate, individualized care for each child.
    UNIQUE! Critical thinking case studies allow you to test and develop your analytical skills in a variety of clinical situations.
    UNIQUE! Quality Patient Outcomes content in Nursing Care Management discussions for major diseases and disorders helps you understand how the care you provide directly impacts patient safety and promotes positive outcomes.
    Updated genetic content in the Developmental and Genetic Influences on Children chapter addresses rapidly changing and important information as it relates to children in health and illness.
    UNIQUE! Family focus includes a separate chapter on the role of the family in child health, family content throughout the text, and Family-Centered Care boxes that highlight information on patient teaching, home care, and incorporating the family in the child’s care.
    UNIQUE! Translating Evidence into Practice boxes focus your attention on the application of research and critical thought processes to support and guide the outcomes of nursing care.
    UNIQUE! Atraumatic Care boxes guide you through performing procedures in a caring manner, promoting more positive experiences for children, families, and nurses.
    Drug Alerts throughout the text emphasize important drug information and point out potential safety issues.
    An emphasis on wellness offers health promotion and injury prevention strategies for each age group.
    Community Focus boxes provide resources and guidance on caring for children outside the clinical setting.
    Nursing Care Plans, including Nursing Diagnoses, Patient/Family Goals, Nursing Interventions/Rationales, and Expec1ted Outcomes, provide you with a model for planning patient care.
    Research Focus boxes help you remain abreast of current studies that impact pediatric nursing today.
    Cultural content, integrated throughout the text and highlighted in Cultural Considerations boxes, exposes you to customs and beliefs of different cultures that influence child care, enhancing your ability to provide quality nursing care to ALL children and their families.
    Nursing Tips throughout the text offer helpful hints and practical, clinical information of a non-emergency nature.
    Nursing Alerts throughout the text provide you with critical information that must be considered in providing care.
    UNIQUE! Emergency Treatment boxes serve as a quick reference in critical situations.
    Nursing Care Guidelines boxes provide you with clear, step-by-step, detailed instructions for performing specific skills or procedures.

    دانلود رایگان کتاب Essentials of Pediatric Nursing

    چند صفحه اول ایبوک Pediatric Nursing بصورت رایگان قرار داده شده است. پس از واریز هزینه pdf کامل ارسال می شود.

    https://www.scribd.com/document/485095499/Free-Download-PDF-Wong-s-Essentials-of-Pediatric-Nursing-10th

    فهرست مطالب ایبوک Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 10th Edition

    Cover image
    Title Page
    Table of Contents
    Copyright
    Contributors
    Reviewers
    Dedication
    Preface
    Organization of the Book
    Unifying Principles
    Special Features
    Acknowledgments
    Unit 1 Children, Their Families, and the Nurse
    1 Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
    Health Care for Children
    The Art of Pediatric Nursing
    Clinical Reasoning and the Process of Providing Nursing Care to Children and Families
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    2 Family, Social, Cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion
    General Concepts
    Family Structure and Function
    Family Roles and Relationships
    Parental Roles
    Parenting
    Special Parenting Situations
    Sociocultural Influences upon the Child and Family
    Influences in the Surrounding Environment
    Broader Sociocultural Influences upon the Child and Family
    Understanding Cultures in the Health Care Encounter
    Health Beliefs and Practices
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    3 Developmental and Genetic Influences on Child Health Promotion
    Growth and Development
    Development of Personality and Cognitive Function
    Role of Play in Development
    Developmental Assessment
    Genetic Factors That Influence Development
    Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    Unit 2 Assessment of the Child and Family
    4 Communication and Physical Assessment of the Child and Family
    Guidelines for Communication and Interviewing
    Communicating with Families
    History Taking
    Nutritional Assessment
    General Approaches Toward Examining the Child
    Physical Examination
    Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    5 Pain Assessment and Management in Children
    Pain Assessment
    Assessment of Pain in Specific Populations
    Pain Management
    Common Pain States in Children
    Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    6 Childhood Communicable and Infectious Diseases
    Infection Control
    Communicable Diseases
    Intestinal Parasitic Diseases
    Infections of the Skin
    Systemic Disorders Related to Skin Lesions
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    Unit 3 Family-Centered Care of the Newborn
    7 Health Promotion of the Newborn and Family
    Adjustment to Extrauterine Life
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    8 Health Problems of Newborns
    Birth Injuries
    Cranial Deformities
    Common Problems in the Newborn
    Nursing Care of the High-Risk Newborn and Family
    High Risk Related to Dysmaturity
    High Risk Related to Physiologic Factors
    High Risk Related to Infectious Processes
    High Risk Related to Maternal Conditions
    Genetic Evaluation and Counseling
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    Unit 4 Family-Centered Care of the Infant
    9 Health Promotion of the Infant and Family
    Promoting Optimal Growth and Development
    Promoting Optimal Health During Infancy
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    10 Health Problems of Infants
    Nutritional Imbalances
    Health Problems Related to Nutrition
    Skin Disorders
    Special Health Problems
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    Unit 5 Family-Centered Care of the Young Child
    11 Health Promotion of the Toddler and Family
    Promoting Optimal Growth and Development
    Promoting Optimal Health during Toddlerhood
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    12 Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family
    Promoting Optimal Growth and Development
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    13 Health Problems of Toddlers and Preschoolers
    Sleep Problems
    Skin Disorders Related to Chemical or Physical Contacts
    Skin Disorders Related to Animal Contacts
    Thermal Injury
    Ingestion of Injurious Agents
    Child Maltreatment
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    Unit 6 Family‐Centered Care of the School‐Age Child and Adolescent
    14 Health Promotion of the School-Age Child and Family
    Promoting Optimal Growth and Development
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    15 Health Promotion of the Adolescent and Family
    Promoting Optimal Growth and Development
    Promoting Optimal Health during Adolescence
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    16 Health Problems of School-Age Children and Adolescents
    Health Problems of School-Age Children
    Health Problems of Adolescents
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    Unit 7 Family‐Centered Care of the Child with Special Needs
    17 Quality of Life for Children Living with Chronic or Complex Diseases
    Perspectives on the Care of Children and Families Living with or Dying From Chronic or Complex Diseases
    The Family of the Child with a Chronic or Complex Condition
    The Child with a Chronic or Complex Condition
    Nursing Care of the Family and Child with a Chronic or Complex Condition
    Perspectives on the Care of Children at the End of Life
    Nursing Care of the Child and Family at the End of Life
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    18 Impact of Cognitive or Sensory Impairment on the Child and Family
    Cognitive Impairment
    Sensory Impairment
    Communication Impairment
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    Unit 8 The Child Who Is Hospitalized
    19 Family-Centered Care of the Child During Illness and Hospitalization
    Stressors of Hospitalization and Children’s Reactions
    Stressors and Reactions of the Family of the Child Who is Hospitalized
    Nursing Care of the Child Who is Hospitalized
    Nursing Care of the Family
    Care of the Child and Family in Special Hospital Situations
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    20 Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions
    General Concepts Related to Pediatric Procedures
    Skin Care and General Hygiene
    Safety
    Positioning for Procedures
    Collection of Specimens
    Administration of Medication
    Maintaining Fluid Balance
    Alternative Feeding Techniques
    Procedures Related to Elimination
    Procedures for Maintaining Respiratory Function
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    Unit 9 The Child with Problems Related to the Transfer of Oxygen and Nutrients
    21 The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction
    Respiratory Infections
    Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
    Croup Syndromes
    Infections of the Lower Airways
    Other Infections of the Respiratory Tract
    Pulmonary Dysfunction Caused by Noninfectious Irritants
    Long-Term Respiratory Dysfunction
    Respiratory Emergency
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    22 The Child with Gastrointestinal Dysfunction
    Distribution of Body Fluids
    Gastrointestinal Dysfunction
    Inflammatory Disorders
    Hepatic Disorders
    Structural Defects
    Obstructive Disorders
    Malabsorption Syndromes
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    Unit 10 The Child with Problems Related to the Production and Circulation of Blood
    23 The Child with Cardiovascular Dysfunction
    Cardiovascular Dysfunction
    Congenital Heart Disease
    Clinical Consequences of Congenital Heart Disease
    Nursing Care of the Family and Child with Congenital Heart Disease
    Acquired Cardiovascular Disorders
    Heart Transplantation
    Vascular Dysfunction
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    24 The Child with Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction
    Hematologic and Immunologic Dysfunction
    Red Blood Cell Disorders
    Defects in Hemostasis
    Immunologic Deficiency Disorders
    Technologic Management of Hematologic and Immunologic Disorders
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    25 The Child with Cancer
    Cancer in Children
    Nursing Care Management
    Cancers of Blood and Lymph Systems
    Nervous System Tumors
    Bone Tumors
    Other Solid Tumors
    The Childhood Cancer Survivor
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    Unit 11 The Child with a Disturbance of Regulatory Mechanisms
    26 The Child with Genitourinary Dysfunction
    Genitourinary Dysfunction
    External Defects of the Genitourinary Tract
    Glomerular Disease
    Miscellaneous Renal Disorders
    Renal Failure
    Technologic Management of Renal Failure
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    27 The Child with Cerebral Dysfunction
    Cerebral Dysfunction
    Evaluation of Neurologic Status
    The Child with Cerebral Compromise
    Cerebral Trauma
    Intracranial Infections
    Seizure Disorders
    Cerebral Malformations
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    28 The Child with Endocrine Dysfunction
    The Endocrine System
    Disorders of Pituitary Function
    Disorders of Thyroid Function
    Disorders of Parathyroid Function
    Hypoparathyroidism
    Disorders of Adrenal Function
    Disorders of Pancreatic Hormone Secretion
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    Unit 12 The Child with a Problem that Interferes with Physical Mobility
    29 The Child with Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction
    The Immobilized Child
    Traumatic Injury
    Sports Participation and Injury
    Birth and Developmental Defects
    Acquired Defects
    Infections of Bones and Joints
    Disorders of Joints
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    30 The Child with Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction
    Congenital Neuromuscular or Muscular Disorders
    Acquired Neuromuscular Disorders
    NCLEX Review Questions
    Correct Answers
    References
    Answers to Critical Thinking Case Studies
    Chapter 8
    Chapter 10
    Chapter 15
    Chapter 16
    Chapter 18
    Chapter 19
    Chapter 21
    Chapter 22
    Chapter 23
    Chapter 25
    Chapter 27
    Chapter 28
    Index
    IBC

  • دانلود ایبوک Technology Management by Dilek Cetindamar

    دانلود ایبوک Technology Management by Dilek Cetindamar

    دانلود کتاب Technology Management

    برای دانلود کتاب Technology management : activities and tools  که در آرشیو گیگاپیپر موجود است با ما مکاتبه کنید. کتاب 9781137431851 بصورت pdf و اورجینال ارسال می شود.

    دانلود کتاب Technology Management دانلود ایبوک Technology Management by Dilek Cetindamar خرید کتاب activities and tools  9781137431868, 1137431865
    دانلود کتاب Technology Management دانلود ایبوک Technology Management by Dilek Cetindamar خرید کتاب activities and tools 9781137431868, 1137431865

    Technology Management

    by Dilek Cetindamar

    Publisher: Palgrave
    Print ISBN: 9781137431851, 1137431857
    eText ISBN: 9781137431868, 1137431865
    Edition: 2nd
    Pages: 256
    Copyright year: 2016

    درخواست دانلود ایبوک Technology Management by Dilek Cetindamar

    Technology Management takes a practical approach to developing operational efficiency and productivity. This accessible text provides a wealth of examples, tools and activities designed to increase the dynamic capability of an organization.

    Description

    فهرست مطالب کتاب 9781137431868 Technology management  activities and tools

    Table of Contents
    List of Figures
    List of Tables
    Notes on the Authors
    Preface
    Acknowledgements
    Publisher’s Acknowledgements
    Abbreviations
    1 Introduction: A Framework for Understanding TM Activities and Tools
    1.1 Definition
    1.2 Differences between TM and innovation management
    1.3 The TM framework to set the context
    1.4 TM activities behind technological capabilities
    1.5 TM tools
    Cases illustrating different TM system configurations
    PART I: TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES
    2 Acquisition
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Internal acquisition: R&D
    2.3 R&D processes
    2.4 External technology acquisition
    2.5 External acquisition processes
    2.6 The environment assessment in acquisition decisions
    Case study
    3 Exploitation
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Commercialization/marketing
    3.3 Marketing processes
    3.4 Technology transfer
    3.5 Technology utilization
    3.6 Utilization processes
    3.7 Reverse innovation
    Case study
    4 Identification
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Definition
    4.3 Identification processes
    Case studies
    5 Learning
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Definition
    5.3 Learning processes
    5.4 Improving learning environment
    Case study
    6 Protection
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Definition
    6.3 Protection processes
    6.4 Recent challenges
    Case study
    7 Selection
    7.1 Introduction
    7.2 Definition
    7.3 Selection processes
    7.4 Strategic analysis
    7.5 Strategic choices
    Case study
    PART II: TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT TOOLS
    8 Patent Analysis
    8.1 Introduction
    8.2 Where and why it is used
    8.3 Process
    Case study
    9 Portfolio Management
    9.1 Introduction
    9.2 Where and why it is used
    9.3 Process
    Case study
    10 Roadmapping
    10.1 Introduction
    10.2 Where and why it is used
    10.3 Process
    10.4 Roadmapping emerging technologies
    Case studies
    11 S-Curve
    11.1 Introduction
    11.2 Where and why it is used
    11.3 Process
    11.4 Managing IP through life cycle
    Case study
    12 Stage-Gate
    12.1 Introduction
    12.2 Where and why it is used
    12.3 Process
    12.4 Next generation stage-gate models
    Case study
    13 Value Analysis and Innovation
    13.1 Introduction
    13.2 Where and why it is used
    13.3 Process
    13.4 Expanding the value analysis
    Case studies
    14 Conclusion: Managing Technology and the Challenges Ahead
    14.1 TM for competitive advantage
    14.2 TM as a profession
    14.3 Challenges for technology managers
    14.4 Implications for technology managers and educators
    Appendix
    Glossary
    Bibliography
    Index

  • دانلود ایبوک Classroom Discourse and Teacher Development Steve Walsh

    دانلود ایبوک Classroom Discourse and Teacher Development Steve Walsh

    دانلود کتاب Classroom Discourse and Teacher Development

    کتاب “سخنرانی کلاس درس و توسعه معلم” از Steve Walsh در ارشیو گیگاپیپر موجود است. جهت خرید ایبوک Classroom Discourse and Teacher Development با ما مکاتبه کنید.

    خرید کتاب  9780748645183 Classroom Discourse and Teacher Development

    خرید کتاب Classroom Discourse and Teacher Development Steve Walsh دانلود ایبوک Print ISBN = 9780748645183 eBook ISBN = 9780748645190 Download Ebookگیگاپیپر
    خرید کتاب Classroom Discourse and Teacher Development Steve Walsh دانلود ایبوک Print ISBN = 9780748645183 eBook ISBN = 9780748645190 Download Ebook
    Classroom Discourse and Teacher Development
    Series
    Edinburgh Textbooks in Applied Linguistics
    Author  =Steve Walsh
    Publisher = Edinburgh University Press
    Print Pub Date = 2013-05-20
    Ebook
    Language
    English
    Print ISBN = 9780748645183
    eBook ISBN = 9780748645190
    Pages = 172
     Subject Heading =Language and education

    فهرست مطالب کتاب 9780748645190 Classroom Discourse and Teacher Development

    Front Matter
    pp Intro-x; 11 pages
    Download PDF
    Read Online
    Show Subsections

    Chapter 1: Introduction

    pp 1-22; 22 pages
    Download PDF
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    Chapter 2: Classroom discourse: an overview
    pp 23-45; 23 pages
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    Chapter 3: Classroom interactional competence

    pp 46-68; 23 pages
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    Chapter 4: SETT: self-evaluation of teacher talk
    pp 69-90; 22 pages
    Download PDF
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    Chapter 5: Researching classroom discourse

    pp 91-111; 21 pages
    Download PDF
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    Chapter 6: Reflective practice revisited

    pp 112-130; 19 pages
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    Chapter 7: Conclusion
    pp 131-139; 9 pages
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    Commentaries on Tasks
    pp 140-144; 5 pages
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    Read Online

    Transcription System

    pp 145-146; 2 pages
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    References
    pp 147-156; 10 pages
    Download PDF
    Read Online
    Index
    pp 157-161; 5 pages

    توضیحات ایبوک Classroom Discourse and Teacher Development

    Book Details

    Edinburgh University Press 20/05/2013 N/A Edinburgh Textbooks in Applied Linguistics N/A 9780748645190 9780748645183 English 172

    Description

    How does a dynamic classroom operate? What role does interaction play? This textbook examines the relationship between language, interaction and learning, and shows how classroom discourse can be applied to develop and improve teaching. Combining examples from everyday practice with theoretical approaches, this book provides a comprehensive account of current perspectives on classroom discourse.

  • دانلود مقاله فلسفه از pdcnet.org

    دانلود مقاله فلسفه از pdcnet.org

    دانلود مقاله از Philosophy Documentation Center (مرکز اسناد فلسفه)

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    دانلود از pdcnet.org دانلود مقاله از Philosophy Documentation Center (مرکز اسناد فلسفه) دسترسی به مقالات ، ژورنالها و کتابهای سایت https://www.pdcnet.org
    دانلود از pdcnet.org دانلود مقاله از Philosophy Documentation Center (مرکز اسناد فلسفه) دسترسی به مقالات ، ژورنالها و کتابهای سایت https://www.pdcnet.org

    دانلود از pdcnet.org

    The Philosophy Documentation Center is a non-profit publisher and resource center that provides access to scholarly materials in applied ethics, classics, philosophy, religious studies, and related disciplines. It publishes academic journals, conference proceedings, anthologies, and online research databases, often in cooperation with scholarly and professional associations. It also provides membership management and electronic publishing services, and hosts electronic journals, series, and other publications from several countries.

     

    دسترس به موارد زیر.

    Societies and Associations

    The Philosophy Documentation Center provides membership services for the following professional societies and associations.

    American Association of Philosophy Teachers (AAPT)
    The American Catholic Philosophical Association (ACPA)
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    Colloquium on Violence and Religion (COV&R)
    The Hegel Society of America (HSA)
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    Society for Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy (SPEP)
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    Society for Philosophy in the Contemporary World (SPCW)
    Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy International Association (SEPIA)

    پسورد pdcnet.org

    You have online access to the following resources:
    E-COLLECTION
    Contains complete collections of scholarly journals, series, and other publications.
    You also have limited online access to this database. Feel free to explore!:
    DIRECTORY OF PHILOSOPHY
    Edited listings for university philosophy departments, journals, research centers, membership organizations, and publishers in over 120 countries.

     

     

  • دانلود کتاب از Taylor and Francis

    دانلود کتاب از Taylor and Francis

    برای دانلود کتابهای مورد نیاز خود از TaylorAndFrancis کافیست مشخصات کتاب و لینک ان از https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books و یا شماره ISBN کتاب را ارسال کنید، تا کتاب دانلود و خدمتتتان ارسال شود.

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    انتشارات Taylor Francis

    انتشارات Taylor and Francis یکی از بزرگترین ناشران کتاب و مقاله در سطح بین المللی است. این ناشر بیش از 1000 مجله علمی پژوهشی داوری شده و 1800 کتاب جدید هر سال منشر می کند و در حال حاضر دامنه موضوعی وسیعی اعم از کشاورزی، هنر، علوم رفتاری، علوم زیستی، خدمات شهری زمین شناسی، آموزش و پرورش، کامپیوتر، مهندسی و تکنولوژی، علم اطلاعات، مطالعات بین رشته ای، ریاضیات و آمار و… را پوشش می دهد. 4 گروه ناشرانی کتاب که با این مجموعه کار می کنند شامل: انتشارات معروف CRC Press که کتاب های درسی و مرجع در تمامی زمینه ها را منتشر می کند. Routledge ناشری که در زمینه علوم اجتماعی و علوم انسانی فعالیت می کند. Psychology Press کتاب ها و مجلات علمی روانشاسی را به شکل چاپی و آنلاین پوشش می دهد و Garland Science کتاب های درسی در زمینه زیست شناسی و ایمنی شناسی را پوشش می دهد. لینک سایت هایی که در بالا توضیح داده شد را برای شما در زیر قرار دادیم.

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    لازم به ذکر است که به تمامی موارد بالا دسترسی داریم. کافیست مشخصات کتابهای درخواستی از Taylor Francis را برای ما ارسال کنید.

     

     

  • دانلود کتاب Advanced Nanomaterials for Wastewater Remediation

    دانلود کتاب Advanced Nanomaterials for Wastewater Remediation

    دانلود ایبوک Advanced Nanomaterials for Wastewater Remediation

    کتاب زیر در ارشیو گیگاپیپر موجود است. جهت دانلود و خرید کتاب9781498753357, 1498753353  Advanced Nanomaterials for Wastewater Remediation با ما مکاتبه کنید.(my30)

     

     دانلود کتاب Advanced Nanomaterials for Wastewater Remediation by Ravindra Kumar Gautam خرید ایبوک Print ISBN: 9781498753333, 1498753337 Download Ebook
    دانلود کتاب Advanced Nanomaterials for Wastewater Remediation by Ravindra Kumar Gautam خرید ایبوک Print ISBN: 9781498753333, 1498753337 Download Ebook

    Advanced Nanomaterials for Wastewater Remediation
    by Ravindra Kumar Gautam

    Publisher: CRC Press
    Print ISBN: 9781498753333, 1498753337
    eText ISBN: 9781498753357, 1498753353
    Copyright year: 2016

     

    فهرست مطالب کتاب Advanced Nanomaterials for Wastewater Remediation

    Table of Contents

    Foreword

    Preface

    Acknowledgments

    Editors

    Contributors

    Abbreviations

     

    Chapter 1 Nanomaterials Applications for Environmental Remediation

    Anupreet Kaur

     

    Chapter 2 Treatment of Fluoride-Contaminated Water by Electrocoagulation Followed by Microfiltration Technique

    D. Ghosh, B. K. Nandi, M. Rahaman, and M. K. Purkait

     

    Chapter 3 Electrooxidation Processes for Dye Degradation and Colored Wastewater Treatment

    Farshid Ghanbari and Mahsa Moradi

     

    Chapter 4 Advanced Oxidation Processes Using Nanomaterials

    E. Rosales, M. Pazos, and M. A. Sanromán

     

    Chapter 5 Applications of Synthetic Nanocomposite Ion-Exchange Materials as Chemical and Vapor Sensors

    Asif Ali Khan, Shakeeba Shaheen, and Nida Alam

     

    Chapter 6 Nanomaterial-Supported Biopolymers for Water Purification

    Nalini Sankararamakrishnan

     

    Chapter 7 Nanomaterial-Based Sorbents for the Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Water

    V.K. Garg and Navish Kataria

     

    Chapter 8 Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in Water and Wastewater Treatment

    Geoffrey S. Simate and Lubinda F. Walubita

     

    Chapter 9 Carbon- and Graphene-Based Nanocomposites for Wastewater Treatment

    R. Boopathy

     

    Chapter 10 Nanoscale Layered Double Hydroxides for Wastewater Remediation: Recent Advances and Perspectives

    Sushmita Banerjee and Ravindra Kumar Gautam

     

    Chapter 11 Activated Carbon-Doped Magnetic Nanoparticles for Wastewater Treatment

    Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini, Lee Lin Zhi, and Tang Shu Hui

     

    Chapter 12 Functionalized Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for the Removal and Remediation of Heavy Metals in Wastewater

    A. Sivaraman, D. Manjula Dhevi, A. Anand Prabu, Kap Jin Kim

     

    Chapter 13 Nanoscale Materials for the Removal of Arsenic from Wastewater

    Sushmita Banerjee, Puja Rai, Vandani Rawat, and Ravindra Kumar Gautam

     

    Chapter 14 Metal Organic Framework-Based Adsorbents in Water Treatment

    Heecheul Kim, D. Manjula Dhevi, Kap Jin Kim, A. Anand Prabu, and Xubiao Luo

     

    Chapter 15 Environmental Fate and Ecotoxicity of Engineered Nanoparticles: Current Trends and Future Perspective

    Anamika Kushwaha, Radha Rani, and Vishnu Agarwal

    Features

    Highlights the potential applications of nanomaterials for the remediation of pollutants from aqueous solutions.
    Brings together advanced knowledge on synthesis of low-cost economically viable nanomaterials for water remediation
    Describes the impacts of nanomaterials on the living flora and fauna
    Explains in detail recent advances in use of nanotechnology for water remediation
    Explores ways to perform extensive recycling and reuse of superparamagnetic nanoparticles
    Identifies priorities for innovative research activities and possible interactions of nanoparticles with living organisms (plants and animal biota)

    Summary

    Contamination of aqueous environments by hazardous chemical compounds is the direct cause of the decline of safe clean water supply throughout the globe. The use of unconventional water sources such as treated wastewater will be a new norm. Emerging nanotechnological innovations have great potential for wastewater remediation processes. Applications that use smart nanomaterials of inorganic and organic origin improve treatment efficiency and lower energy requirements. This book describes the synthesis, fabrication, and application of advanced nanomaterials in water treatment processes; their adsorption, transformation into low toxic forms, or degradation phenomena, and the adsorption and separation of hazardous dyes, organic pollutants, heavy metals and metalloids from aqueous solutions. It explains the use of different categories of nanomaterials for various pollutants and enhances understanding of nanotechnology-based water remediation to make it less toxic and reusable.

  • دانلود کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 2

    دانلود کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 2

    دانلود ایبوک Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Theory and Design Examples, Volume 2:: Post-Treatment, Reuse, and Disposal

    برای دانلود pdf اورجینال و با کیفیت کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse که در آرشیو گیگاپیپر موجود است ، با ما مکاتبه کنید. با توجه به موجود بودن کتاب ، به محض واریز هزینه ، کتاب 2 Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples ارسال می شود. نسخه اول کتاب 9781351402026 هم موجود است. در مقاله قبلی، Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1
    Principles and Basic Treatment در رابطه با این کتاب توضیحات داده شده است.

    دانلود کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1 Principles and Basic Treatment Syed R. Qasim Download Ebook 9781351402743 گیگاپیپر
    دانلود کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 2 Principles and Basic Treatment Syed R. Qasim Download Ebook 9781351402743

    Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Theory and Design Examples, Volume 2:: Post-Treatment, Reuse, and Disposal

    By Syed R. Qasim, Guang Zhu
    Download Ebook

    Edition 1st Edition

    First Published 5 December 2017
    eBook Published 22 November 2017
    Pub. location Boca Raton
    Imprint CRC Press
    Pages 721 pages
    eBook ISBN 9780203732984
    Subjects Engineering & Technology, Environment and Sustainability

    کتاب تصـفیه فاضـلاب و اسـتفاده مجدد آن : تئـوری و مثال های طراحی سال 2018  دکتر قسیم

    جدیدترین کتاب رفرنس تخصصی آب و فاضلاب منتشر شده توسط دکتر قسیم ( دانشگاه آرلینگتون تگزاس ) با عنوان تصـفیه فاضـلاب و اسـتفاده مجدد آن : تئـوری و مثال های طراحی به صورت ایبوک اماده ارسال است. به محض واریز هزینه فایل PDF خدمتتتان ارسال می شود.

    درباره نویسنده Dr. Syed R. Qasim

    کتاب تصـفیه فاضـلاب و اسـتفاده مجدد آن : تئـوری و مثال های طراحی سال 2018 دکتر قسیم
    دکترسیدر قسیم نویسنده کتاب تصـفیه فاضـلاب و اسـتفاده مجدد آن : تئـوری و مثال های طراحی سال 2018

     Dr. Syed R. Qasim is a Professor Emeritus in the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Texas at Arlington. Dr Qasim received his Ph.D and MSCE degrees from West Virginia University, and BSCE degree from India. He served on the faculty of Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY; and on the faculty of the University of Texas at Arlington, TX from 1973 till his retirement in 2007. Dr. Qasim has conducted full time research with Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus Laboratories; and has worked as a design engineer with a consulting engineering firm in Columbus, Ohio.

    دکتر سیدر قسیم

    He has over 47 years of experience as an educator, researcher, and practitioner in the related fields of environmental engineering. His principal research and teaching interests include water and wastewater treatment processes and plant design, industrial waste treatment, and solid and hazardous waste management. He served nationally and internationally as a consultant with governmental agencies and private concerns. Dr. Qasim has written three books, and is author or coauthor of over 150 technical papers, encyclopedia and book chapters, and research reports.

    دکتر قسیم

    His papers, seminars, and short courses have been presented nationally and internationally. He is a life member of American Society of Civil Engineers and Water Environment Federation; a member of Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors , American Water Works Association, and other professional and honor societies. He is a Registered Professional Engineer in the State of Texas.

    دانلود رایگان کتاب تصـفیه فاضـلاب و اسـتفاده مجدد آن

    برای اطمینان شما از کیفیت خوب کتاب تصـفیه فاضـلاب و اسـتفاده مجدد آن با عنوان Wastewater Treatment and Reuse: Theory and Design Examples درزیر چند صفحه اول کتاب، به رایگان قابل دانلود است.

    دانلود رایگان 60 صفحه از کتاب تصـفیه فاضـلاب و اسـتفاده مجدد از Qasim 

    ویژگی های کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse  Volume 2: Post-Treatment, Reuse, and Disposal

    Features

    • Provides in-depth coverage of wastewater treatment objectives, design considerations and treatment processes and process diagrams.
    • Includes over 650 illustrative example problems on almost every topic, worked out in detail, to enhance comprehension and deeper understanding of the basic concepts.
    • Covers all phases of treatment: preliminary, primary, secondary, disinfection, natural and advanced treatment processes.
    • Offers step-by-step theory and design calculations, equipment selection, unit layout, and operation and maintenance.
    • Includes numerous useful appendices: abbreviations and symbols, a listing of commonly used chemicals, physical constants of water and solubility, unit conversions, and more.

    خلاصه ایبوک Wastewater Treatment Volume 2 Post-Treatment, Reuse, and Disposal

    Summary

    This book will present the theory involved in wastewater treatment processes, define the important design parameters involved, and provide typical values of these parameters for ready reference; and also provide numerical applications and step-by-step calculation procedures in solved examples. These examples and solutions will help enhance the readers’ comprehension and deeper understanding of the basic concepts, and can be applied by plant designers to design various components of the treatment facilities. It will also examine the actual calculation steps in numerical examples, focusing on practical application of theory and principles into process and water treatment facility design.

     

    دانلود کلیه فصول کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 2

     

    Chapter | 2 pages

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    Chapter | 1 pages
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    Chapter | 1 pages
    Copyright Page
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    Chapter | 10 pages
    Contents
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    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35

    3 Mass Balance and Reactors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3.2 Mass Balance Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

    3.2.1 Procedure for Mass Balance Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 3.2.2 Combining Flow Streams of a Single Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 3.2.3 Combining a Conservative Substance and Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6 3.2.4 Mass or Concentration of Nonconservative Substances in Reactors . . . . . . . . . . 3-13

    3.3 Flow Regime. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16 3.4 Types of Reactors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16

    3.4.1 Batch Reactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16 3.4.2 Continuous-Flow Stirred-Tank Reactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18 3.4.3 Plug Flow Reactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34 3.4.4 Comparative Performance of a PFR and CFSTR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-39 3.4.5 Performance of CFSTRs in Series (Cascade Arrangement) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44 3.4.6 Graphical Solution of Series CFSTRs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52

    خرید کتاب مهندسي فاضلاب قسمت 1و 2

    3.5 Plug Flow Reactors with Dispersion and Conversion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56 3.5.1 Flow Regime and Dispersion of Tracer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56 3.5.2 Performance Evaluation of Sedimentation Basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56 3.5.3 Dispersion with Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-62

    3.6 Equalization of Flow and Mass Loadings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-69 3.6.1 Need and Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-69 3.6.2 Design Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70 3.6.3 Design Volume of Equalization Basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71

    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-83 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-85

    4 Sources and Flow Rates of Municipal Wastewater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 4.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 4.2 Relationship between Municipal Water Demand and Wastewater Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 4.3 Components of Municipal Water Demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    . . . . . . . . 4-3

    خرید اینترنتی کتاب تصفیه خانه های فاضلاب | تألیف سیدر قسیم

    4.3.1 Residential or Domestic Water Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4 4.3.2 Commercial Water Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4 4.3.3 Institutional and Public Water Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4 4.3.4 Industrial Water Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6 4.3.5 Water Unaccounted or or Lost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6 4.3.6 Factors Affecting Water Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

    4.4 Wastewater Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12 4.5 Wastewater Flow Variation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

    4.5.1 Dry Weather Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13 4.5.2 Infiltration and Inflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14 4.5.3 Common Terms Used to Express Flow Variations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15

    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    Chapter | 6 pages
    Preface

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    Over the last decade there have been rapid developments and changes in the field of wastewater treatment. The emphasis has been on identification, detection, and removal of specific constituents; computer simulation and modeling; membrane processes; renovation and reuse of wastewater effluent; nutrients recovery, and reduction and utilization of biosolids; energy conservation; greater understanding of theory and principles of treatment processes; and application of these fundamentals into facility design. Environmental engineers have many responsibilities. One of the most demanding yet satisfying of these are the design of wastewater treatment and reuse facilities. There are several books that discuss the fundamentals, scientific principles, and concepts and methodologies of wastewater treatment.

    The actual design calculation steps in numerical examples with intense focus on practical application of theory and principles into process and facility design are not fully covered in these publications. The intent of the authors writing this book is threefold: first, to present briefly the theory involved in specific wastewater treatment processes; second, to define the important design parameters involved in the process, and provide typical design values of these parameters for ready reference; and third, to provide a design approach by providing numerical applications and step-by-step design calculation procedure in the solved examples.

    دانلود ایبوک تصفیه خانه های فاضلاب برنامه ریزی، طراحی و راهبری (جلد دوم)

    Over 700 illustrative example problems and solutions have been worked out to cover the complete spectrum of wastewater treatment and reuse from fundamentals through advanced technology applied to primary, secondary and advanced treatment, reuse of effluent, by-product recovery and reuse of biosolids. These examples and solutions enhance the readers’ comprehension and deeper understanding of the basic concepts. They also serve as a good source of information for more experienced engineers, and also aid in the formal design training and instruction of engineering students. Equipment selection and design procedures are the key functions of engineers and should be emphasized in engineering curricula. Many practice problems with step-by-step solution provide skills to engineering students and professionals of diverse background for learning, and to master the problem-solving techniques needed for professional engineering (PE) exams.

    Also, these solved examples can be applied by the plant designers to design various components and select equipment for the treatment facilities. Thus, the book is a consolidated resource of valuable quick-and-easy access to a myriad of theory and practice information and solved examples on wastewater treatment processes and reuse.

    Chapter | 2 pages
    Acknowledgment

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    A project of this magnitude requires the cooperation and collaboration of many people and organizations. We are indebted to many professionals, faculty members, students, and friends who have helped and provided constructive suggestions. We must acknowledge the support, encouragement, and stimulating discussion by Michael Morrison, W. Walter Chiang, and Pete K. Patel throughout this project. CP&Y, Inc., a multidisciplinary consulting engineering firm in Dallas, Texas provided the technical support.

    کتاب طراحی، برنامه‌ریزی و راهبری تصفیه‌خانه‌های فاضلاب

    We gratefully appreciate the support and assistance provided by Michael F. Graves, Marisa T. Vergara, Gregory W. Johnson, Ellen C. Carpenter, Barbara E. Vincent, Megan E. Martin, Gil W. Barnett, and Dario B. Sanchez. Many students also assisted with typing, artwork, literature search, and proofreading. Among them are Bernard D’Souza, Rajeshwar Kamidi, Neelesh Sule, Richa Karanjekar, Gautam Eapi, and Olimatou Ceesay. Kelcy Warren established Syed Qasim Endowed Professorship in Environmental Engineering in the Department of Civil Engineering at The University of Texas at Arlington.

    فروش نسخه ۲۰۱۸ کتاب تخصصی آب و فاضلاب دکتر قسیم

    Funds from this endowment helped to support students. The support of the Department of Civil Engineering at The University of Texas at Arlington is greatly appreciated. In particular, we thank the support of Dr. Ali Abolmaali, and tireless support of Sara Ridenour in making departmental resources available. Finally, we must acknowledge with deep appreciation the support, encouragement, and patience of our families. Although the portions of this book have been reviewed by professionals and students, the real test will not come until this book is used in classes, and by professionals in design of wastewater treatment facilities. We shall appreciate it very much if all who use this book will let us know of any errors and changes they believe would improve its usefulness.

    Chapter | 2 pages
    Authors

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    Syed R. Qasim is a professor emeritus in the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Texas at Arlington. Dr. Qasim earned PhD and MSCE from West Virginia University, and BSCE from India. He served on the faculty of Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, New York, and on the faculty of the University of Texas at Arlington, Texas, from 1973 till his retirement in 2007. Dr. Qasim has conducted full-time research with Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus Laboratories, and has worked as a design engineer with a consulting engineering firm in Columbus, Ohio. He has over 47 years of experience as an educator, researcher, and practitioner in the related fields of environmental engineering.

    دانلود کتاب مهندسی فاضلاب قسیم (Qasim)

    His principal research and teaching interests include water and wastewater treatment processes and plant design, industrial waste treatment, and solid and hazardous waste management. He served nationally and internationally as a consultant with governmental agencies and private concerns. Dr. Qasim has written 3 books, and he is the author or coauthor of over 150 technical papers, encyclopedia and book chapters, and research reports. His papers, seminars, and short courses have been presented nationally and internationally. He is a life member and Fellow of American Society of Civil Engineers, and a life member of Water Environment Federation; a member of Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors, American Water Works Association, and other professional and honor societies. He is a registered professional engineer in the state of Texas.

    Chapter 11 | 142 pages
    Disinfection

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    Wastewater contains many types of human enteric organisms that are associated with various waterborne diseases. Disinfection is the primary mechanism for inactivation and destruction of disease-causing organisms present in the wastewater, and it is one of the common steps required in wastewater treatment and reuse. Presently, chlorination of both water supply and wastewater effluent is a widespread practice for the control of waterborne diseases. Alternate methods of disinfection are receiving a great deal of attention because chlorination may result in the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs); many of which are known carcinogens.

    کتاب طراحی، برنامه‌ریزی و راهبری تصفیه‌خانه‌های فاضلاب

    The material presented in this chapter covers the following important issues related to the disinfection process and facility design:

    • Objectives and requirements of disinfection • Disinfection techniques to meet the disinfection goals • Basic design considerations for chlorination and dechlorination • Application of alternate methods of disinfection such as ozone and ultraviolet (UV) radiation

    A disinfection process should be properly selected as the final defense after the routine nondisinfection treatment processes. The main objectives of wastewater disinfection are to protect public health from waterborne diseases, reduce adverse side effects to the aquatic life, eliminate threats to the environment, and comply with the regulatory requirements.

    Chapter 12 | 80 pages
    Effluent Reuse and Disposal

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    High quality effluent from wastewater treatment plants is considered a reliable source of water supply. Increasing demand on fresh water for urban, industrial, irrigation, and many other needs has resulted in increased interest in effluent reuse. Even effluent discharged into natural waters is considered an indirect reuse for water supply.

    کتاب طراحی، برنامه‌ریزی و راهبری تصفیه‌ خانه‌ های فاضلاب قسیم

    The objectives of this chapter are to present:

    • Major issues related to effluent reuse • Risk assessment • Storage facility for reclaimed water • Principal uses of wastewater effluent • Effluent disposal considerations • Design considerations for outfalls

    The public health and safety and environmental concerns are the major issues of wastewater reuse. Currently available wastewater treatment systems are well understood, effective, and reliable. These facilities are able to produce effluent of any desired quality. However, there are still concerns of long-term human health and safety, and environmental risks that are very difficult to establish. For these reasons, wastewater reuse in many cases has not received public acceptance.

    Chapter 13 | 196 pages
    Residuals Processing, Disposal, and Reuse

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    Residuals are removed from wastewater, and they are processed through various treatment processes. Screenings and grit are separated at the preliminary treatment facilities. Settleable organic solids and scum are removed in the primary clarifier, and excess biomass is removed from the biological treatment in the secondary (or final) clarifier. The characteristics (quality and quantity) of screenings and grit, and disposal have been presented in Chapters 6 through 8. Discussion on scum, primary sludge, and waste activated sludge is presented in Chapters 6, 9, and 10. The objectives of this chapter are to present the following:

    • Conventional and emerging technologies applied to residuals management • Characteristics of municipal sludge • Sludge processing systems, process diagrams, and regulatory requirements • Methods of sludge-thickening and thickener design • Methods of sludge stabilization, and theory and design of sludge digestion,

    and biogas utilization • Methods of sludge conditioning and dewatering • Material mass balance analysis and impact of sidestreams on influent characteristics

    of wastewater • Emerging technologies for sludge processing • Composting of sludge solids • Heat drying, incineration, and other sludge destruction processes • Land application of biosolids • Disposal of sludge by landfilling

    کتاب طراحی تصفیه خانه فاضلاب (قسیم)

    The residuals management facilities usually represent 40-60% of total construction costs of wastewater treatment plant, and consume a disproportionate share of operating costs. The conventional treatment facilities are thickening, digestion, conditioning, dewatering, and disposal. In recent years, many emerging technologies have been developed to recover resources such as nutrients and proteins, and to digest solids more completely and efficiently to reduce the quantity while recovering the energy. The conventional processes are presented in Sections 13.4 through 13.9. The emerging technologies are covered in Section 13.10. Finally, the biosolids reuse and disposal is presented in Section 13.11.

    Chapter 14 | 42 pages
    Plant Layout, Yard Piping, Plant Hydraulics, and Instrumentation and Controls

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    Proper layout of treatment units, connecting conduits, roads and parking facilities, administration building, and maintenance shops is important for day to day plant operation and maintenance, and future expansion. Also, the elevations of treatment units and pipings are properly adjusted to give adequate hydraulic gradient for gravity flow, and to protect from submergence under peak flows. Proper use of instrumentation and automatic controls reduces labor requirements, chemical usages, and power consumptions; improves treatment process performance and reliability; and provides adequate data acquisition and recording. The objectives of this chapter are to:

    • Present the basic considerations for plant layout, and in particular a compact and modular design concept

    • Provide guidelines for selection of appurtenances and connecting pipings between the treatment units

    • Present principles of designing yard piping and preparation of hydraulic profile • Present basic process control strategies for physical and chemical measuring elements and instru-

    ments, and automatic control systems

    دانلود کتاب qasim

    Plant layout is the physical arrangement of treatment units, pipings, buildings, and roads on the selected site. Proper plant layout can (1) enhance the attractiveness of the site; (2) minimize construction and operation costs; (3) offer flexibility in future process modifications and plant expansion; (4) fit the operational and maintenance needs of the processes and plant personnel; (5) integrate the functions of all components; and (6) maintain the landscaping and plant structure in perfect harmony with the environment.1-3

    Many factors are considered for plant layout on the selected site. Some of these factors are discussed below. A typical layout plan of a compact facility is presented in Example 6.24 and shown in Figure 6.12. Aerial views of several layouts of treatment plants are shown in Figure 14.1.

    Chapter 15 | 162 pages
    Advanced Wastewater Treatment and Upgrading Secondary Treatment Facility

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    Upgrading of a secondary wastewater treatment plant may be necessary to meet the existing or stringent future effluent quality requirements. This may involve removal of suspended solids, organics, and nutrients beyond the capability of a secondary treatment plant. Advanced wastewater treatment is, therefore, removal of suspended and colloidal solids, nutrients, and many dissolved constituent remaining after conventional secondary treatment.

    تصفیه خانه‌های فاضلاب، برنامه‌ریزی، طراحی و راهبری (جلد دوم)

    The dissolved constituents may range from simple inorganic ions to complex synthetic organic compounds. The objectives of this chapter are to discuss the treatment processes used to upgrade the existing conventional secondary treatment facility and to achieve the advanced wastewater treatment. These treatment processes are:

    • Natural systems • Chemical precipitation • Breakpoint chlorination for ammonia removal • Air stripping for removal of dissolved gases • Filtration, adsorption, and ion exchange • Membranes and membrane bioreactors (MBRs) • Distillation and other demineralization processes • Treatment and disposal of concentrated brine

    The advanced treatment processes may be applied to secondary or primary treated effluents. They are used to remove four categories of constituents depending upon the degree of treatment desired. These are: (1) organic and inorganic suspended and colloidal solids, (2) dissolved organic constituents, (3) dissolved inorganic constituents, and (4) biological constituents, such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoan cysts and oocysts. The generalized process combinations are provided in Table 15.1.

    مشخصات کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 2 Principles and Basic Treatment Syed R. Qasim Download Ebook 9781351402743

    Features

    • Provides in-depth coverage of wastewater treatment objectives, design considerations and treatment processes and process diagrams.
    • Includes over 650 illustrative example problems on almost every topic, worked out in detail, to enhance comprehension and deeper understanding of the basic concepts.
    • Covers all phases of treatment: preliminary, primary, secondary, disinfection, natural and advanced treatment processes.
    • Offers step-by-step theory and design calculations, equipment selection, unit layout, and operation and maintenance.
    • Includes numerous useful appendices: abbreviations and symbols, a listing of commonly used chemicals, physical constants of water and solubility, unit conversions, and more.

    Summary

    This book will present the theory involved in wastewater treatment processes, define the important design parameters involved, and provide typical values of these parameters for ready reference, and also provide numerical applications and step-by-step calculation procedures in solved examples. These examples and solutions will help enhance the readers’ comprehension and deeper understanding of the basic concepts, and can be applied by plant designers to design various components of the treatment facilities. It will also examine the actual calculation steps in numerical examples, focusing on practical application of theory and principles into process and water treatment facility design.

    https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781351402743

    فهرست مطالب کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Theory and Design Examples, Volume 2

    VOLUME 2 Post-Treatment, Reuse, and Disposal
    11 Disinfection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
    11.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
    11.2 Objectives and Requirements of Disinfection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
    11.2.1 Pathogens and Indicator Organisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
    11.2.2 Microbial Reduction in Wastewater Treatment Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3
    11.2.3 Regulatory Process and Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-7
    11.3 Disinfection Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-7
    11.3.1 Chemical Disinfection Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-8
    11.3.2 Physical Disinfection Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-8
    11.3.3 Suitability of Disinfection Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-8

    طراحی تصفیه خانه آب و فاضلاب در مورد بهداشت ایمنی


    11.3.4 Chlorine and Ozone Doses for Required Disinfection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-9
    11.3.5 Disinfection By-products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-9
    11.4 Inactivation Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-9
    11.5 Inactivation Kinetics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-11
    11.5.1 Natural Die-Off Kinetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-11
    11.5.2 Inactivation Kinetics for Chemical Disinfection Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-15
    11.6 Chlorination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-29
    11.6.1 Physical Properties of Chlorine and Hypochlorite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-30
    11.6.2 Basic Chlorine Chemistry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-36
    11.6.3 Components of Chlorination System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-55
    11.6.4 Other Beneficial Applications of Chlorine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-68
    11.6.5 Disinfection with Chlorine Dioxide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-73
    11.7 Dechlorination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-76
    11.7.1 Dechlorination with Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-76
    x Contents

    Volume 2:: Post-Treatment, Reuse, and Disposal

    11.7.2 Dechlorination with Sodium Bisulfite (NaHSO3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-77
    11.7.3 Dechlorination with Other Reducing Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-78
    11.7.4 Dechlorination with Activated Carbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-78
    11.7.5 Dechlorination of Chlorine Dioxide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-78
    11.8 Disinfection with Ozone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-81
    11.8.1 Ozone Chemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-81
    11.8.2 Properties of Ozone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-82
    11.8.3 Ozone Dosage for Disinfection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-82
    11.8.4 Ozone Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-83
    11.8.5 Ozone Application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-85
    11.8.6 Kinetic Equations for Ozone Disinfection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-87
    11.9 Disinfection with UV Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-97
    11.9.1 Mechanism of UV Disinfection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-97
    11.9.2 Source of UV Radiation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-97
    11.9.3 Types of UV Reactors and Lamp Arrangements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-98
    11.9.4 Microbial Repair after UV Disinfection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-98
    11.9.5 Inactivation Kinetics for UV Irradiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-100
    11.9.6 UV Transmittance, Density, Intensity, and Dose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-111

    دانلود کتاب تصفیه فاضلاب قسیم-بخش دوم – مهندسی بهداشت محیط زیست


    11.9.7 Major Components of Open-Channel UV Disinfection Systems . . . . . . . . . . . 11-115
    11.9.8 Hydraulics of UV Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-116
    11.10 Recent Developments in Disinfection Reactor Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-129
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-130
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-134
    12 Effluent Reuse and Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
    12.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
    12.2 Major Issues Related to Effluent Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1

    طراحی تصفیه خانه آب و فاضلاب در مورد بهداشت ایمنی


    12.2.1 Quality Parameters of Reclaimed Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
    12.2.2 Treatment Technology for Reclaimed Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2
    12.2.3 Regulations or Guidelines Regarding Reuse of Reclaimed Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-7
    12.3 Health Risk Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-7
    12.3.1 Quantitative Toxicology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-7
    12.3.2 Risk Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-12
    12.3.3 Assessment of Noncarcinogenic Effects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-13
    12.3.4 Assessment of Carcinogenic Effects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-16
    12.4 Storage Facility for Reclaimed Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-24
    12.4.1 Enclosed Storage Reservoirs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-24
    12.4.2 Open Storage Reservoirs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-25
    12.5 Reclaimed Water Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-27
    12.5.1 Urban Water Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-27
    12.5.2 Industrial Water Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-28
    12.5.3 Agricultural Irrigation Reuse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-35
    12.5.4 Impoundments for Recreational and Aesthetic Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-40
    12.5.5 Environmental Reuse for Habitat Restoration and Enhancement. . . . . . . . . . . . 12-40

    Volume 2:: Post-Treatment, Reuse, and Disposal


    12.5.6 Groundwater Recharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-41
    12.5.7 Augmentation of Potable Water Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-45
    12.6 Effluent Discharge into Natural Waters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-48
    12.6.1 Requirements of Outfall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-48
    12.6.2 Water Quality Models of Surface Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-49
    12.6.3 Design of Outfall Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-65
    Contents xi
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-73
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-77
    13 Residuals Processing, Disposal, and Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1
    13.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1
    13.2 Conventional and Emerging Technologies for Sludge Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1
    13.3 Characteristics of Municipal Sludge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-2
    13.3.1 Sources and Solids Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-2
    13.3.2 Sludge Quantity Variations and Solids and Volume Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-2
    13.3.3 Sludge and Scum Pumping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-4
    13.3.4 Preliminary Sludge Preparation Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-6
    13.4 Conventional Sludge Processing Systems, Process Diagrams, and
    Regulatory Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-14
    13.4.1 Sludge Processing Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-14
    13.4.2 Sidestreams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-14
    13.4.3 Process Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-14

    تصفیه خانه های فاضلاب برنامه ریزی، طراحی و راهبری (جلد اول)


    13.4.4 Regulatory Requirements for Biosolids Reuse and Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-14
    13.5 Sludge Thickening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-22
    13.5.1 Gravity Thickening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-22
    13.5.2 Dissolved Air Flotation Thickening. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-33
    13.5.3 Centrifugal Thickening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-37
    13.5.4 Gravity Belt Thickening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-38
    13.5.5 Rotary Drum Thickener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-40
    13.5.6 Membrane Thickener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-40
    13.6 Sludge Stabilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-41
    13.6.1 Anaerobic Digestion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-41
    13.6.2 Aerobic Digestion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-72
    13.6.3 Chemical Stabilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-89
    13.6.4 Heat Treatment or Thermal Stabilization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-90
    13.7 Sludge Conditioning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-90
    13.7.1 Chemical Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-90
    13.7.2 Physical Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-97
    13.8 Sludge Dewatering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-97
    13.8.1 Natural Dewatering Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-98
    13.8.2 Mechanical Dewatering Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-109
    13.9 Material Mass Balance Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-125

    Reuse Theory and Design Examples, Volume 2:: Post-Treatment, Reuse, and Disposal


    13.10 Emerging Technologies for Enhanced Sludge Stabilization
    and Resource Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-134
    13.10.1 Pretreatment of Sludge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-134
    13.10.2 Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-136
    13.10.3 Resource Recovery from Municipal Sludge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-137
    13.10.4 Nitrogen Removal by Partial Nitrification/Anammox
    (PN
    /A) Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-139
    13.11 Sludge Disposal and Biosolids Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-147
    13.11.1 Composting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-148
    13.11.2 Heat Drying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-159
    13.11.3 Thermal Oxidations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-159
    13.11.4 Recalcination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-164
    13.11.5 Land Application of Biosolids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-164
    xii Contents
    13.11.6 Residuals Disposal by Landfilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-176
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-182
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-186
    14 Plant Layout, Yard Piping, Plant Hydraulics, and Instrumentation
    and Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-1
    14.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1
    14.2 Plant Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1

    Volume 2:: Post-Treatment, Reuse, and Disposal Syed R. Qasim, Guang Zhu


    14.2.1 Factors Affecting Plant Layout and Site Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1
    14.2.2 Construction Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-2
    14.2.3 Compact and Modular Site Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-3
    14.2.4 Plant Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-4
    14.2.5 Environmental Considerations and Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-4
    14.2.6 Occupational Health and Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-5
    14.2.7 Future Expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-5
    14.3 Yard Piping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-10
    14.3.1 Organizing Yard Piping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-10
    14.3.2 Pipe Galleries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-10
    14.3.3 Considerations for Plant Upgrading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-11
    14.4 Plant Hydraulics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-11
    14.4.1 Hydraulic Profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-11
    14.4.2 Head Losses through Treatment Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-12
    14.4.3 Head Losses through Connecting Conduits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-12
    14.5 Instrumentation and Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-21
    14.5.1 Benefits of Instrumentation and Control Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-21
    14.5.2 Components of Control Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-21
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-37
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-40
    15 Advanced Wastewater Treatment and Upgrading Secondary

    دانلود کتاب تصفیه فاضلاب قسیم-بخش دوم – مهندسی بهداشت محیط زیست


    Treatment Facility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-1
    15.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-1
    15.2 Application of Advanced Treatment Technologies and Upgrading of
    Secondary E
    ffluent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-1
    15.3 Natural Treatment Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-1
    15.3.1 Terrestrial Treatment Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-2
    15.3.2 Aquatic Treatment Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-14
    15.4 Advanced Wastewater Treatment Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-26
    15.4.1 Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-26
    15.4.2 Chemical Coagulation and Phosphorus Precipitation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-27
    15.4.3 Lime Precipitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-28
    15.4.4 Breakpoint Chlorination for Ammonia Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-28
    15.4.5 Air Stripping for Removal of Dissolved Gases and VOCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-29
    15.4.6 Granular Filtration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-40
    15.4.7 Surface Filtration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-74
    15.4.8 Carbon Adsorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-78
    15.4.9 Ion Exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-100

    Reuse Theory and Design Examples, Volume 2:: Post-Treatment, Reuse, and Disposal


    Contents xiii
    15.4.10 Membrane Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-120
    15.4.11 Concentration and Disposal of Waste Brine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-146
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-153
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-156
    Appendix A: Abbreviations and Symbols, Basic Information about Elements, Useful
    Constants, Common Chemicals Used in Water and Wastewater
    Treatment, and the U.S. Standard Sieves and Size of Openings. . . . . . . . . .
    A-1
    Appendix B: Physical Constants and Properties of Water, Solubility of
    Dissolved Gases in Water, and Important Constants for Stability
    and Sodicity of Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    B-1
    Appendix C: Minor Head Loss Coefficients for Pressure Conduits and Open
    Channels, Normal Commercial Pipe Sizes, and Design Information
    of Parshall Flume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    C-1
    Appendix D: Unit Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
    Appendix E: Summary of Design Parameters for Wastewater
    Treatment Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    E-1
    Appendix F: List of Examples and Solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-1
    Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1

    تصاویر بخش هایی از کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Volume 2

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    کلمات کلیدی  : Metcalf and Eddy,qasim,بهره برداری از تصفیه خانه,تصفیه آب,تصفیه خانه آب,تصفیه خانه فاضلاب,تصفیه فاضلاب,تکنولوژی های تصفیه آب و فاضلاب,دانلود کتاب مرجع آب و فاضلاب,طراحی تصفیه خانه,طراحی تصفیه خانه فاضلاب,قسیم,کتاب,کتاب تصفیه آب,کتاب تصفیه فاضلاب,کتاب تصفیه فاضلاب شهری,متکف,مهندسی آب و فاضلاب,مهندسی فاضلاب,هندبوک,هندبوک آب و فاضلاب,هندبوک مهندسی

     

     

     

  • دانلود کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1

    دانلود کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1

    دانلود ایبوک Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1 Principles and Basic Treatment

    برای دانلود pdf اورجینال و با کیفیت کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse که در آرشیو گیگاپیپر موجود است ، با ما مکاتبه کنید. با توجه به موجود بودن کتاب ، به محض واریز هزینه ، کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples ارسال می شود. نسخه دوم کتاب 9781351402743 هم موجود است. در مقاله بعدی، در رابطه با این کتاب توضیحات داده شده است. برای خرید نسخه ۲۰۱۸ ایبوک تخصصی آب و فاضلاب دکتر قسیم با کیفیت اورجینال (و نه بصورت اسکن) مکاتبه کنید.

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    دانلود کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1 Principles and Basic Treatment Syed R. Qasim Download Ebook 9781351402026

    Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1
    Principles and Basic Treatment

    By Syed R. Qasim, Guang Zhu
    Download Ebook
    Edition 1st Edition
    First Published 5 December 2017
    eBook Published 22 November 2017
    Pub. location Boca Raton
    Imprint CRC Press
    Pages 1159 pages
    eBook ISBN=9781351402026
    Subjects= Engineering & Technology, Environment and Sustainability

    Price=45$

    کتاب تصـفیه فاضـلاب و اسـتفاده مجدد آن : تئـوری و مثال های طراحی سال 2018  دکتر قسیم

    جدیدترین کتاب رفرنس تخصصی آب و فاضلاب منتشر شده توسط دکتر قسیم ( دانشگاه آرلینگتون تگزاس ) با عنوان تصـفیه فاضـلاب و اسـتفاده مجدد آن : تئـوری و مثال های طراحی به صورت ایبوک اماده ارسال است. به محض واریز هزینه فایل PDF خدمتتتان ارسال می شود.

    درباره نویسنده Dr. Syed R. Qasim

    کتاب تصـفیه فاضـلاب و اسـتفاده مجدد آن : تئـوری و مثال های طراحی سال 2018 دکتر قسیم
    دکترسیدر قسیم نویسنده کتاب تصـفیه فاضـلاب و اسـتفاده مجدد آن : تئـوری و مثال های طراحی سال 2018

     Dr. Syed R. Qasim is a Professor Emeritus in the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Texas at Arlington. Dr Qasim received his Ph.D and MSCE degrees from West Virginia University, and BSCE degree from India. He served on the faculty of Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY; and on the faculty of the University of Texas at Arlington, TX from 1973 till his retirement in 2007. Dr. Qasim has conducted full time research with Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus Laboratories; and has worked as a design engineer with a consulting engineering firm in Columbus, Ohio.

    دکتر سیدر قسیم

    He has over 47 years of experience as an educator, researcher, and practitioner in the related fields of environmental engineering. His principal research and teaching interests include water and wastewater treatment processes and plant design, industrial waste treatment, and solid and hazardous waste management. He served nationally and internationally as a consultant with governmental agencies and private concerns. Dr. Qasim has written three books, and is author or coauthor of over 150 technical papers, encyclopedia and book chapters, and research reports.

    دکتر قسیم

    His papers, seminars, and short courses have been presented nationally and internationally. He is a life member of American Society of Civil Engineers and Water Environment Federation; a member of Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors , American Water Works Association, and other professional and honor societies. He is a Registered Professional Engineer in the State of Texas.

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    دانلود کلیه فصول کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1

     

    Chapter 1 | 12 pages

    Introduction to Wastewater Treatment: An Overview

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    As societies moved from nomadic cultures to building more permanent settlements, the waste disposal became an important concern. Odors, nuisance, and health risks primarily from infectious diseases became apparent. The advent of the water carriage system was the major development toward removal of human waste from the residential areas. Now the human waste could be diluted with large quantities of water, carried through underground pipes to a centralized location outside the population centers and disposed of in a large and suitable water body.

    Chapter 2 | 36 pages
    Stoichiometry and Reaction Kinetics

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    In an accident, 500 lb of hydrochloric acid spilled into a stagnant pool. Calculate the quantity of 95% Ca (OH)2 required to neutralize the acid. Also, demonstrate that mass is conserved (in the stoichiometric equation, mass of reactants (negative sign)+mass of product (positive sign)= 0). Solution

    1. Write the stoichiometric reaction (irreversible).

    Chapter 3 | 86 pages
    Mass Balance and Reactors

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    EXAMPLE 3.1: SIMPLIFIED MASS BALANCE EQUATION

    Simplify Equation 3.2a for a single stream entering and leaving the reaction vessel. Assume first-order reaction rate (rA=−kC).

    Solution

    1. Draw the reactor and system boundary (Figure 3.1).

    Chapter 4 | 28 pages
    Sources and Flow Rates of Municipal Wastewater

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    Municipal wastewater is the general term applied to the liquid wastes collected from residential, commercial, and industrial areas of a city. In addition to these waste streams, some undesired groundwater and surface runoff may also enter the collection system. All these flows are conveyed by means of a sewerage system to a central location for treatment. There is a wide variation in seasonal, daily, and hourly flow rates of the municipal wastewater, and several flow terms are used to identify these flow variations and characterize the municipal wastewaters.

    Chapter 5 | 70 pages
    Characteristics of Municipal Wastewater

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    Municipal wastewater contains ∼99.9% water. The remaining constituents include suspended (settleable and nonsettleable) and dissolved solids that have organic and inorganic components, as well as microorganisms. These constituents give physical, chemical, and biological qualities that are characteristics of residential, commercial, and industrial wastewaters.

    Chapter 6 | 66 pages
    Wastewater Treatment Objectives, Design Considerations, and tTreatment Processes

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    This is an introductory chapter to provide prospective on wastewater treatment objectives and regulations, basic design considerations, and processes used for wastewater treatment. The following topics are covered:

    • Wastewater treatment objectives and regulations • Basic design considerations to include current and future trends in population growth, design

    period, wastewater characteristics and degree of treatment, treatment processes selection and combinations, and other design factors

    خرید کتاب مهندسي فاضلاب قسمت 1و 2

    • Service area, treatment plant site selection, regulatory requirements, and effluent discharge limitations • Residuals production, handling and processing technology selection and combinations, and final

    disposal and reuse of biosolids • Plant layout, plant hydraulics, flow through conduits, pumping, and flow measurement • Energy and resource requirements, plant economics, and environmental impact assessment • General considerations in plant planning, design, and construction management

    The objectives of a wastewater treatment plant are to meet the effluent quality standards established by the federal, state, and regional regulatory authorities; and to prevent many adverse environmental conditions that may develop due to inadequate wastewater treatment. Some of these adverse environmental conditions are (1) unsightliness, nuisance, and obnoxious odors at the plant and at the disposal site; (2) contamination of water supply sources; (3) destruction of fish, shellfish, and other aquatic life; (4) impairment of beneficial uses of receiving waters; and (5) decline in land values causing restriction in community growth and development. Ideally, a wastewater treatment plant must encourage the beneficial uses of effluent and residuals, and enhance community growth and development.

    Chapter 7 | 48 pages
    Screening

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    Screening is normally the first unit operation utilized at a wastewater treatment plant. The purpose of screens is to remove large objects that can damage equipment, block valves, nozzles, channels, pipelines, and appurtenances. This creates serious plant operation andmaintenance problems.

    Fine screens are gaining popularity as a substitute for preliminary and primary treatment to remove suspended solids and BOD. Applications of microscreens have also been developed for polishing secondary effluent or tertiary treatment. The objectives of this chapter are to present:

    خرید اینترنتی کتاب تصفیه خانه های فاضلاب | تألیف سیدر قسیم

    • Types of screening devices and their applications • Equipment description of coarse screens, design considerations, and installations • Design criteria of coarse screens, and design examples • Types of fine screens, design considerations, design criteria, and examples for preliminary and

    primary treatment • Special screens for treatment of combined sewer overflows (CSOs) • Quantity, characteristics, handling, grinding and comminution, and disposal of screenings

    Screening devices are widely used for wastewater treatment. They are broadly classified as coarse screens, fine screens, and microscreens. Coarse screens remove large objects for preliminary treatment only, while fine screens remove small particulates for either preliminary or primary treatment. Microscreens are actually filtration devices that are used for either primary or tertiary treatment.1-3 Brief information about these devices is provided in Table 7.1.

    Chapter 8 | 62 pages
    Grit Removal

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    Grits are inert, dense, and highly abrasive material. They include pebble, sand, silt, broken glass, bone chips, and egg shells. Grit accumulates in pipes, corners, and bends, reducing flow capacity, and ultimately clogging pipes and channels.

    It also accumulates in the treatment units resulting in the loss of treatment capacity. The objectives of this chapter are to present theory and design of grit removal facilities. More specifically, this chapter covers:

    • Need and location of grit removal • Settling behavior of grit and types of gravity settling • Discrete settling • Types of grit removal facilities • Design criteria of grit removal facilities and design examples • Quantity, handling, and disposal of grit

    دانلود ایبوک تصفیه خانه های فاضلاب برنامه ریزی، طراحی و راهبری (جلد اول)

    Grit is a nonputrescible material and is much heavier than water. As a result, it makes heavy deposits in pipes and channels. Being inert and heavy, it accumulates in the aeration basin, and has cementing effect on the bottom of the sludge digesters.

    This results in the loss of usable volume in both situations. Abrasive nature of grit is associated with some abnormal wear to pumps and other equipment. For these reasons, grit removal is considered essential at most treatment plants.1,2

    Grit removal may normally be achieved at three locations: (1) ahead of the raw wastewater pumps, (2) below the pumping station, or (3) degritting in conjunction with primary sludge. All locations have advantages and disadvantages. Some of these are stated below.3

    Chapter 9 | 172 pages
    Primary and Enhanced Sedimentation

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    The purpose of a primary sedimentation basin is to remove settleable organic solids. It is achieved in large basins under relatively quiescent conditions. The settled solids are collected by mechanical scrapers into a hopper, from which they are pumped to a sludge processing area. Oil, grease, and other floating materials are skimmed off from the surface. The effluent is discharged over weirs into a collection trough.

    Chapter 10 | 456 pages
    Biological Waste Treatment

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    The purpose of a secondary wastewater treatment is to remove soluble organics and suspended solids that escape the primary treatment. These removals are typically achieved by biological treatment processes. Although, conventional biological treatment may remove 85-90% BOD5 and TSS, it does not achieve significant amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus removals.

    Recent advancements in the biological waste treatment technology are capable of providing enhanced organics and nutrients removals. The objectives of this chapter are to provide an overview of:

    • Biological waste treatment • Role of microorganisms in biological waste treatment • Microbial growth kinetics and substrate removal • Suspended, attached, and combined suspended and attached growth reactors • Oxygen and other environmental requirements • Aerobic, anoxic, and anaerobic reactors • Biological nutrient removal • Theory and design examples of biological waste treatment

    کتاب طراحی، برنامه‌ریزی و راهبری تصفیه‌خانه‌های فاضلاب

    Substrate is the term used to denote organic matter, nutrients, and other substances that are present in wastewater. Thus, the microorganisms are used to consume organics, nitrify ammonia, denitrify nitrate, and release and uptake phosphorus. Recent advancements in biological waste treatment technology provide economical method to achieve enhanced removal of organics and substantial amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus. In this section, the basic concepts of microbiology, growth phases, microbial metabolism and enzymes, and nutritional and environmental requirements are covered. Microbiology: A mixed culture of microorganisms plays a vital role in biological waste treatment.

    In a mixed culture, the number of species and their population depends upon the characteristics of wastewater and the environmental conditions. A mixed culture of microorganisms includes bacteria (both single and multicellular), protozoa, fungi, rotifers, and sometimes nematodes. The principal organisms involved in the bio-oxidation of organics in wastewater are the single-celled bacteria. Although some individual microbial cells are present in suspended growth reactors, the majority are present as zooglea biomass or floc.

    فروش نسخه ۲۰۱۸ کتاب تخصصی آب و فاضلاب دکتر قسیم

    The floc consists of mixed species of cells embedded in masses of polysaccharide gums released from the slime layers of living and lysed bacterial cells.1 The protozoa, rotifers, and nematodes do not provide stabilization of organic matter in the wastewater. Instead, they feed on the bacterial population and other fragments of zooglea biomass. Their presence is simply an indication of healthy operation with appreciable aeration time.

    free download Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples

    The classification of microorganisms and basic concepts of microbiology are covered in Chapter 5. Basic Requirements: The basic requirements of aerobic biological waste treatment are: (1) presence of mixed population of active microorganisms, (2) good contact between microorganisms and substrates, (3) availability of oxygen, (4) availability of nutrients, and maintenance of other favorable environmental conditions such as temperature and pH, (5) sufficient contact time between food and microorganisms, and (6) effective separation of microorganisms from the treated effluent.

    These conditions are achieved in a wide variety of ways. Some of these are as follows:2-4

    دانلود کتاب مهندسی فاضلاب قسیم (Qasim)

    • Proper equipment and reactor design, and selection and assembly of hardware • Effective ways to bring contact between the food and microorganisms • Innovative ways to supply oxygen and maintain mixing • Efficient ways to separate microorganisms and release the treated effluent

    Details of these conditions are provided in later sections of this chapter. Growth Phase: The bacteria reproduce by binary fission (division of original cell into two new cells).

    Time required for each fission is called generation time, which may vary from less than 20 minutes to several days. The growth of microorganisms in a batch reactor may be expressed in terms of time versus viable bacterial number or biomass. The viable bacterial number curve has six distinct phases.

    مشخصات کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1 Principles and Basic Treatment Syed R. Qasim Download Ebook 9781351402026

    Features

    • Provides in-depth coverage of wastewater treatment objectives, design considerations and treatment processes and process diagrams.
    • Includes over 650 illustrative example problems on almost every topic, worked out in detail, to enhance comprehension and deeper understanding of the basic concepts.
    • Covers all phases of treatment: preliminary, primary, secondary, disinfection, natural and advanced treatment processes.
    • Offers step-by-step theory and design calculations, equipment selection, unit layout, and operation and maintenance.
    • Includes numerous useful appendices: abbreviations and symbols, a listing of commonly used chemicals, physical constants of water and solubility, unit conversions, and more.

    Summary

    This book will present the theory involved in wastewater treatment processes, define the important design parameters involved, and provide typical values of these parameters for ready reference; and also provide numerical applications and step-by-step calculation procedures in solved examples. These examples and solutions will help enhance the readers’ comprehension and deeper understanding of the basic concepts, and can be applied by plant designers to design various components of the treatment facilities.

    It will also examine the actual calculation steps in numerical examples, focusing on practical application of theory and principles into process and water treatment facility design.

    https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781351402026

    دانلود ایبوک Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Volume 1

    Contents
    Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
    Acknowledgment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi
    Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiii
    VOLUME 1 Principles and Basic Treatment
    1 Introduction to Wastewater Treatment: An Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
    1.1 Historical Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
    1.2 Current Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
    1.3 Future Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
    1.3.1 Health and Environmental Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
    1.3.2 Improved Wastewater Characterization and Sidestreams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
    1.3.3 Rehabilitation of Aging Infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

    کتاب طراحی، برنامه‌ریزی و راهبری تصفیه‌خانه‌های فاضلاب


    1.3.4 Energy Reduction and Recovery from Wastewater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
    1.3.5 Building, Retrofitting, and Upgrading POTWs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
    1.3.6 Process Selection, Performance, Reliability, and Resiliency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
    1.3.7 Reduction in Sludge Quantity, Nutrients Recovery, and Biosolids Reuse . . . . . . 1-6
    1.3.8 Effluent Disposal and Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
    1.3.9 Control of Combined Sewer Overflows and Stormwater Management . . . . . . . . 1-7
    1.3.10 Decentralized and On-Site Treatment and Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
    1.3.11 Technology Assessment and Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
    1.4 Wastewater Treatment Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
    1.5 Scope of This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

    Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1: Principles and Basic Treatment
    Book by Gang Zhu and Syed R Qasim


    2 Stoichiometry and Reaction Kinetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
    2.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
    2.2 Stoichiometry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
    2.2.1 Homogeneous Reactions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
    2.2.2 Heterogeneous Reactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
    2.3 Reaction Rates and Order of Reaction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
    2.3.1 Reaction Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
    2.3.2 Saturation-Type or Enzymatic Reactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
    2.4 Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
    v
    2.5 Reaction Order Data Analysis and Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
    2.5.1 Zero-Order Reaction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
    2.5.2 First-Order Reaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
    2.5.3 Second-Order Reaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35

    دانلود ایبوک Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Volume 1


    3 Mass Balance and Reactors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
    3.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
    3.2 Mass Balance Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
    3.2.1 Procedure for Mass Balance Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
    3.2.2 Combining Flow Streams of a Single Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
    3.2.3 Combining a Conservative Substance and Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
    3.2.4 Mass or Concentration of Nonconservative Substances in Reactors . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
    3.3 Flow Regime. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
    3.4 Types of Reactors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
    3.4.1 Batch Reactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
    3.4.2 Continuous-Flow Stirred-Tank Reactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18

    کتاب طراحی، برنامه‌ریزی و راهبری تصفیه‌ خانه‌ های فاضلاب قسیم


    3.4.3 Plug Flow Reactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34
    3.4.4 Comparative Performance of a PFR and CFSTR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-39
    3.4.5 Performance of CFSTRs in Series (Cascade Arrangement) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44
    3.4.6 Graphical Solution of Series CFSTRs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52
    3.5 Plug Flow Reactors with Dispersion and Conversion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
    3.5.1 Flow Regime and Dispersion of Tracer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
    3.5.2 Performance Evaluation of Sedimentation Basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
    3.5.3 Dispersion with Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-62
    3.6 Equalization of Flow and Mass Loadings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-69
    3.6.1 Need and Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-69
    3.6.2 Design Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70
    3.6.3 Design Volume of Equalization Basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-83
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-85

    Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1: Principles and Basic Treatment
    Book by Gang Zhu and Syed R Qasim


    4 Sources and Flow Rates of Municipal Wastewater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
    4.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
    4.2 Relationship between Municipal Water Demand and Wastewater Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
    4.3 Components of Municipal Water Demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
    4.3.1 Residential or Domestic Water Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
    4.3.2 Commercial Water Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
    4.3.3 Institutional and Public Water Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
    4.3.4 Industrial Water Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
    4.3.5 Water Unaccounted or or Lost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
    4.3.6 Factors Affecting Water Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
    4.4 Wastewater Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
    4.5 Wastewater Flow Variation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
    4.5.1 Dry Weather Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
    4.5.2 Infiltration and Inflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14
    4.5.3 Common Terms Used to Express Flow Variations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15
    vi Contents
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27

    دانلود کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Volume 1


    5 Characteristics of Municipal Wastewater. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
    5.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
    5.2 Physical Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
    5.2.1 Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
    5.2.2 Color, Turbidity, and Odor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
    5.2.3 Settleable and Suspended (Non), Dissolved (Filterable), Volatile
    and Fixed Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    5-3
    5.3 Chemical Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
    5.4 Measurement of Organic Matter and Organic Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
    5.4.1 Biochemical Oxygen Demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
    5.4.2 Nitrogenous Oxygen Demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24
    5.4.3 Chemical Oxygen Demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30
    5.4.4 Total Organic Carbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-33

    دانلود رایگان کتاب قسیم


    5.4.5 Total Oxygen Demand and Theoretical Oxygen Demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-33
    5.4.6 Relationship between BOD5 and Other Tests Used for
    Organic Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    5-33
    5.4.7 Other Nonspecific and Specific Tests for Organic Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-35
    5.4.8 Nonbiodegradable and Toxic Compounds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-36
    5.5 Microbiological Quality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-36
    5.5.1 Basic Concepts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-36
    5.5.2 Indicator Organisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-38
    5.5.3 Measurement Techniques. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-39
    5.6 Priority Pollutants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-50
    5.7 Toxicity and Biomonitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-50
    5.7.1 Toxicity Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-51
    5.7.2 Toxicity Test Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-51
    5.8 Unit Waste Loading and Population Equivalent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-57
    5.9 Mass Loadings and Sustained Mass Loadings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-60
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-65
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-69

    دانلودPDF کتاب astewater Treatment and Reuse Volume 1


    6 Wastewater Treatment Objectives, Design Considerations, and
    Treatment Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    6-1
    6.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
    6.2 Treatment Objectives and Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
    6.2.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
    6.2.2 Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
    6.3 Basic Design Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
    6.3.1 Initial and Design Years and Design Population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
    6.3.2 Service Area and Treatment Plant Site Selection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
    6.3.3 Regulatory Requirements and Effluent Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
    6.3.4 Characteristics of Wastewater and Degree of Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
    6.3.5 Treatment Processes, Process Diagrams, and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17
    6.3.6 Plant Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-38
    6.3.7 Plant Hydraulic Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-39
    Contents vii

    کتاب طراحی تصفیه خانه فاضلاب (قسیم)

    6.3.8 Plant Hydraulic Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-50
    6.3.9 Energy and Resource Requirements and Plant Economics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-53
    6.3.10 Environmental Impact Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-53
    6.4 Wastewater Facility Planning, Design, and Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-57
    6.4.1 Facility Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-57
    6.4.2 Design Plans, Specifications, Cost Estimates, and Support Documents . . . . . . . 6-58
    6.4.3 Construction and Construction Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-61
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-61
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-63
    7 Screening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

    دانلود رایگان کتاب قسیم


    7.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
    7.2 Screening Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
    7.2.1 Coarse Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
    7.2.2 Design Considerations of Coarse Screens and Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
    7.2.3 Fine Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-31
    7.2.4 Design of Fine Screens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-32
    7.2.5 Special Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-40
    7.3 Quantity, Characteristics, and Disposal of Screeings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-41
    7.3.1 Quantity and Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-41
    7.3.2 Processing and Disposal of Screenings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-41
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-43
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-45

    دانلود ایبوک Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Volume 1


    8 Grit Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
    8.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
    8.2 Need and Location of Grit Removal Facility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
    8.3 Gravity Settling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
    8.3.1 Types of Gravity Settling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
    8.3.2 Discrete Settling (Type I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
    8.4 Types of Grit Removal Facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19
    8.4.1 Horizontal-Flow Grit Chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19
    8.4.2 Design of Effluent Trough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-36
    8.4.3 Aerated Grit Chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-43
    8.4.4 Vortex-Type Grit Chambers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-51
    8.4.5 Sludge Degritting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-55
    8.4.6 Grit Collection and Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-56
    8.5 Grit Characteristics and Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-56
    8.6 Grit Processing, Reuse, and Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-57
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-59
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-60

    Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1: Principles and Basic Treatment
    Book by Gang Zhu and Syed R Qasim


    9 Primary and Enhanced Sedimentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
    9.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
    9.2 Flocculent Settling (Type II). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
    9.3 Influent Quality of Primary Sedimentation Basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8
    9.4 Types of Primary Sedimentation Basins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-11
    9.4.1 Rectangular Basin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-11
    viii Contents
    9.4.2 Circular Basins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-14
    9.4.3 Square Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-15
    9.4.4 Stacked, Multilevel, or Multitray Tanks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-16
    9.4.5 Basic Design and Performance Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-17

    دانلود کتاب qasim


    9.5 Enhanced Primary Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-52
    9.5.1 Preaeration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-52
    9.5.2 Chemical Coagulation and Precipitation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-53
    9.5.3 Effluent Neutralization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-60
    9.5.4 Sludge Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-60
    9.5.5 Rapid Mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-85
    9.5.6 Slow Mixing or Flocculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-91
    9.6 High-Rate Clarification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-143
    9.6.1 Solids Contact Clarifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-143
    9.6.2 Inclined Surface Clarifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-144
    9.6.3 Micro-Sand Ballasted Flocculation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-147
    9.6.4 Solids-Ballasted Flocculation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-150
    9.7 Fine Mesh Screens for Primary Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-161
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-166
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-169

    eBOOK – D0WNL0AD Wastewater Treatment and Reuse PDF


    10 Biological Waste Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
    10.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
    10.2 Fundamentals of Biological Waste Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
    10.2.1 Biological Growth and Substrate Utilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
    10.2.2 Types of Biological Treatment Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-9
    10.3 Suspended Growth Aerobic Treatment Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
    10.3.1 Microbial Growth Kinetics in Batch Reactor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-20
    10.3.2 Microbial Growth Kinetics in Continuous Flow Reactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-30
    10.3.3 Continuous Flow Completely Mixed Reactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-32
    10.3.4 Determination of Biological Kinetic Coefficients in a Continuous Flow
    Completely Mixed Reactor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    10-54
    10.3.5 Continuous Plug-Flow Reactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-63
    10.3.6 Operational Parameters of Activated Sludge Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-68

    دانلود کتاب qasim


    10.3.7 Activated Sludge Process Modifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-74
    10.3.8 Oxygen Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-103
    10.3.9 Aeration Device, Equipment, and Hardware Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-142
    10.3.10 Aeration System Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-144
    10.3.11 Aerated Lagoon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-172
    10.3.12 Stabilization Ponds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-191
    10.4 Fixed-Film or Attached Growth Aerobic Treatment Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-209
    10.4.1 Nonsubmerged Attached Growth Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-209
    10.4.2 Combined Attached and Suspended Growth Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-247
    10.4.3 Integrated Fixed-Film Media in Aeration Basin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-254
    10.4.4 Submerged Attached Growth Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-260
    10.5 Anaerobic Treatment Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-265
    10.5.1 Capabilities of Anaerobic Treatment Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-265
    10.5.2 Fundamentals of Anaerobic Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-265
    10.5.3 Environmental Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-266
    10.5.4 Process Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-267
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    Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1: Principles and Basic Treatment
    Book by Gang Zhu and Syed R Qasim

    10.5.5 Anaerobic Suspended Growth Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-279
    10.5.6 Anaerobic Attached Growth Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-290
    10.6 Biological Nitrogen Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-297
    10.6.1 Nitrification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-297
    10.6.2 Denitrification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-337
    10.7 Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-371
    10.7.1 Process Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-371
    10.7.2 Biochemical Reactions in Anaerobic Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-372
    10.7.3 Biochemical Reactions in Aerobic Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-375
    10.7.4 Overall Process Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-375

    دانلود کتاب WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS By Qasim


    10.7.5 Biosolids from EBPR Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-376
    10.8 Biological Nutrient Removal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-384
    10.8.1 General Description of BNR Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-385
    10.8.2 Performance of BNR Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-385
    10.8.3 General Design Considerations for BNR Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-385
    10.8.4 Computer Application for BNR Facility Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-408
    10.9 Secondary Clarification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-412
    10.9.1 Design Considerations for Secondary Clarifier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-412
    10.9.2 Zone or Hindered Settling (Type III) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-412
    10.9.3 Design of Secondary Clarifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-427
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-435
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-445

    CRC Press Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design

    VOLUME 2 Post-Treatment, Reuse, and Disposal
    11 Disinfection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
    11.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
    11.2 Objectives and Requirements of Disinfection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-1
    11.2.1 Pathogens and Indicator Organisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-1
    11.2.2 Microbial Reduction in Wastewater Treatment Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-3
    11.2.3 Regulatory Process and Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-7
    11.3 Disinfection Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-7
    11.3.1 Chemical Disinfection Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-8
    11.3.2 Physical Disinfection Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-8
    11.3.3 Suitability of Disinfection Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-8
    11.3.4 Chlorine and Ozone Doses for Required Disinfection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-9

    تصفیه خانه‌های فاضلاب، برنامه‌ریزی، طراحی و راهبری(جلد اول)


    11.3.5 Disinfection By-products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-9
    11.4 Inactivation Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-9
    11.5 Inactivation Kinetics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-11
    11.5.1 Natural Die-O
    ff Kinetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-11
    11.5.2 Inactivation Kinetics for Chemical Disinfection Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-15
    11.6 Chlorination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-29
    11.6.1 Physical Properties of Chlorine and Hypochlorite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-30
    11.6.2 Basic Chlorine Chemistry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-36
    11.6.3 Components of Chlorination System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-55
    11.6.4 Other Bene
    ficial Applications of Chlorine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-68
    11.6.5 Disinfection with Chlorine Dioxide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-73
    11.7 Dechlorination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-76
    11.7.1 Dechlorination with Sulfur Dioxide (SO
    2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-76
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    Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1: Principles and Basic Treatment

    11.7.2 Dechlorination with Sodium Bisulfite (NaHSO3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-77
    11.7.3 Dechlorination with Other Reducing Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-78
    11.7.4 Dechlorination with Activated Carbon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-78
    11.7.5 Dechlorination of Chlorine Dioxide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-78
    11.8 Disinfection with Ozone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-81
    11.8.1 Ozone Chemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-81
    11.8.2 Properties of Ozone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-82
    11.8.3 Ozone Dosage for Disinfection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-82

    طراحی تصفیه خانه آب و فاضلاب در مورد بهداشت ایمنی


    11.8.4 Ozone Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-83
    11.8.5 Ozone Application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-85
    11.8.6 Kinetic Equations for Ozone Disinfection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-87
    11.9 Disinfection with UV Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-97
    11.9.1 Mechanism of UV Disinfection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-97
    11.9.2 Source of UV Radiation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-97
    11.9.3 Types of UV Reactors and Lamp Arrangements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-98
    11.9.4 Microbial Repair after UV Disinfection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-98
    11.9.5 Inactivation Kinetics for UV Irradiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-100
    11.9.6 UV Transmittance, Density, Intensity, and Dose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-111
    11.9.7 Major Components of Open-Channel UV Disinfection Systems . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-115
    11.9.8 Hydraulics of UV Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-116
    11.10 Recent Developments in Disinfection Reactor Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-129
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-130
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    11-134

    CRC Press Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design


    12 Effluent Reuse and Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
    12.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
    12.2 Major Issues Related to E
    ffluent Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
    12.2.1 Quality Parameters of Reclaimed Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-1
    12.2.2 Treatment Technology for Reclaimed Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-2
    12.2.3 Regulations or Guidelines Regarding Reuse of Reclaimed Water . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-7
    12.3 Health Risk Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-7
    12.3.1 Quantitative Toxicology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-7
    12.3.2 Risk Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-12
    12.3.3 Assessment of Noncarcinogenic E
    ffects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-13
    12.3.4 Assessment of Carcinogenic E
    ffects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-16

    دانلود کتاب طراحی و بهره برداري تصفیه خانه فاضلاب (قسیم)


    12.4 Storage Facility for Reclaimed Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-24
    12.4.1 Enclosed Storage Reservoirs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-24
    12.4.2 Open Storage Reservoirs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-25
    12.5 Reclaimed Water Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-27
    12.5.1 Urban Water Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-27
    12.5.2 Industrial Water Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-28
    12.5.3 Agricultural Irrigation Reuse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-35
    12.5.4 Impoundments for Recreational and Aesthetic Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-40
    12.5.5 Environmental Reuse for Habitat Restoration and Enhancement. . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-40
    12.5.6 Groundwater Recharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-41
    12.5.7 Augmentation of Potable Water Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-45
    12.6 E
    ffluent Discharge into Natural Waters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-48
    12.6.1 Requirements of Outfall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-48
    12.6.2 Water Quality Models of Surface Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-49
    12.6.3 Design of Outfall Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-65
    Contents xi

    Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1: Principles and Basic Treatment

    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-73
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    12-77
    13 Residuals Processing, Disposal, and Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1
    13.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1
    13.2 Conventional and Emerging Technologies for Sludge Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-1
    13.3 Characteristics of Municipal Sludge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-2
    13.3.1 Sources and Solids Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-2
    13.3.2 Sludge Quantity Variations and Solids and Volume Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-2
    13.3.3 Sludge and Scum Pumping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-4
    13.3.4 Preliminary Sludge Preparation Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-6
    13.4 Conventional Sludge Processing Systems, Process Diagrams, and
    Regulatory Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-14
    13.4.1 Sludge Processing Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-14
    13.4.2 Sidestreams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-14
    13.4.3 Process Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-14
    13.4.4 Regulatory Requirements for Biosolids Reuse and Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-14

    تصفیه خانه های فاضلاب برنامه ریزی، طراحی و راهبری (جلد اول)


    13.5 Sludge Thickening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-22
    13.5.1 Gravity Thickening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-22
    13.5.2 Dissolved Air Flotation Thickening. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-33
    13.5.3 Centrifugal Thickening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-37
    13.5.4 Gravity Belt Thickening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-38
    13.5.5 Rotary Drum Thickener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-40
    13.5.6 Membrane Thickener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-40
    13.6 Sludge Stabilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-41
    13.6.1 Anaerobic Digestion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-41
    13.6.2 Aerobic Digestion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-72
    13.6.3 Chemical Stabilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-89
    13.6.4 Heat Treatment or Thermal Stabilization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-90

    دانلود کتاب تصفیه فاضلاب قسیم-بخش دوم – مهندسی بهداشت محیط زیست


    13.7 Sludge Conditioning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-90
    13.7.1 Chemical Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-90
    13.7.2 Physical Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-97
    13.8 Sludge Dewatering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-97
    13.8.1 Natural Dewatering Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-98
    13.8.2 Mechanical Dewatering Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-109
    13.9 Material Mass Balance Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-125
    13.10 Emerging Technologies for Enhanced Sludge Stabilization
    and Resource Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-134
    13.10.1 Pretreatment of Sludge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-134
    13.10.2 Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-136
    13.10.3 Resource Recovery from Municipal Sludge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-137
    13.10.4 Nitrogen Removal by Partial Nitri
    fication/Anammox
    (PN
    /A) Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-139
    13.11 Sludge Disposal and Biosolids Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-147
    13.11.1 Composting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-148
    13.11.2 Heat Drying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-159
    13.11.3 Thermal Oxidations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-159
    13.11.4 Recalcination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-164
    13.11.5 Land Application of Biosolids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-164
    xii Contents
    13.11.6 Residuals Disposal by Landfilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-176
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-182
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    13-186

    ePUB eBOOK – D0WNL0AD Wastewater Treatment and Reuse PDF


    14 Plant Layout, Yard Piping, Plant Hydraulics, and Instrumentation
    and Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-1
    14.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1
    14.2 Plant Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-1
    14.2.1 Factors A
    ffecting Plant Layout and Site Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1
    14.2.2 Construction Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-2
    14.2.3 Compact and Modular Site Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-3
    14.2.4 Plant Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-4
    14.2.5 Environmental Considerations and Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-4
    14.2.6 Occupational Health and Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-5
    14.2.7 Future Expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-5
    14.3 Yard Piping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-10


    14.3.1 Organizing Yard Piping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-10
    14.3.2 Pipe Galleries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-10
    14.3.3 Considerations for Plant Upgrading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-11
    14.4 Plant Hydraulics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-11
    14.4.1 Hydraulic Pro
    file. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-11
    14.4.2 Head Losses through Treatment Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-12
    14.4.3 Head Losses through Connecting Conduits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-12
    14.5 Instrumentation and Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-21
    14.5.1 Bene
    fits of Instrumentation and Control Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-21
    14.5.2 Components of Control Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-21
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-37
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    14-40

    Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1: Principles and Basic Treatment


    15 Advanced Wastewater Treatment and Upgrading Secondary
    Treatment Facility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-1
    15.1 Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-1
    15.2 Application of Advanced Treatment Technologies and Upgrading of
    Secondary E
    ffluent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-1
    15.3 Natural Treatment Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-1
    15.3.1 Terrestrial Treatment Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-2
    15.3.2 Aquatic Treatment Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-14
    15.4 Advanced Wastewater Treatment Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-26
    15.4.1 Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-26
    15.4.2 Chemical Coagulation and Phosphorus Precipitation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-27
    15.4.3 Lime Precipitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-28
    15.4.4 Breakpoint Chlorination for Ammonia Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-28
    15.4.5 Air Stripping for Removal of Dissolved Gases and VOCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-29
    15.4.6 Granular Filtration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-40
    15.4.7 Surface Filtration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-74
    15.4.8 Carbon Adsorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-78
    15.4.9 Ion Exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-100
    Contents xiii
    15.4.10 Membrane Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-120
    15.4.11 Concentration and Disposal of Waste Brine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-146
    Discussion Topics and Review Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-153
    References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    15-156

    ePUB eBOOK – D0WNL0AD Wastewater Treatment and Reuse PDF


    Appendix A: Abbreviations and Symbols, Basic Information about Elements, Useful
    Constants, Common Chemicals Used in Water and Wastewater
    Treatment, and the U.S. Standard Sieves and Size of Openings. . . . . . . . . .
    A-1
    Appendix B: Physical Constants and Properties of Water, Solubility of
    Dissolved Gases in Water, and Important Constants for Stability
    and Sodicity of Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    B-1
    Appendix C: Minor Head Loss Coefficients for Pressure Conduits and Open
    Channels, Normal Commercial Pipe Sizes, and Design Information
    of Parshall Flume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    C-1
    Appendix D: Unit Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
    Appendix E: Summary of Design Parameters for Wastewater
    Treatment Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
    E-1
    Appendix F: List of Examples and Solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-1
    Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1

    دانلود رایگان Wastewater Treatment and Reuse: Theory and Design Examples

    تصویر چند صفحه از کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse: Theory and Design Examples: 1st Edition by Syed R. Qasim,‎ Guang Zhu CRC Press (2018) جهت اطمینان ار کیفیت کتاب در زیر قرار داده شده است.

    دانلود کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1 Principles and Basic Treatment Syed R. Qasim Download Ebook 9781351402026 Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1 - 9781138300897 تصفیه خانه های فاضلاب برنامه ریزی، طراحی و راهبری (جلد دوم)گیگاپیپر
    دانلود کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples Qasim Download Ebook تصفیه خانه های فاضلاب برنامه ریزی، طراحی و راهبری (جلد دوم)
    دانلود کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1 Principles and Basic Treatment Syed R. Qasim Download Ebook 9781351402026 Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1 - 9781138300897گیگاپیپر
    دانلود کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1 Principles and Basic Treatment Syed R. Qasim Download Ebook

     

    دانلود کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1 Principles and Basic Treatment Syed R. Qasim Download Ebook 9781351402026 Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1 - 9781138300897 - کتاب طراحی تصفیه خانه فاضلاب (قسیم)گیگاپیپر
    دانلود کتاب Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Theory and Design Examples, Volume 1 Principles and Basic کتاب طراحی تصفیه خانه فاضلاب (قسیم)

     

    کلمات کلیدی  : Metcalf and Eddy,qasim,بهره برداری از تصفیه خانه,تصفیه آب,تصفیه خانه آب,تصفیه خانه فاضلاب,تصفیه فاضلاب,تکنولوژی های تصفیه آب و فاضلاب,دانلود کتاب مرجع آب و فاضلاب,طراحی تصفیه خانه,طراحی تصفیه خانه فاضلاب,قسیم,کتاب,کتاب تصفیه آب,کتاب تصفیه فاضلاب,کتاب تصفیه فاضلاب شهری,متکف,مهندسی آب و فاضلاب,مهندسی فاضلاب,هندبوک,هندبوک آب و فاضلاب,هندبوک مهندسی

     

     

     

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